Ocena kakovosti življenja otrok in mladostnikov z astmo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2018.52.2.195Ključne besede:
kakovost življenja, otroci, mladostniki, astma, nadzor simptomovPovzetek
Uvod: Astma je globalni zdravstveni problem, ki negativno vpliva na različne vidike kakovosti življenja. Cilj raziskave je bil preučiti kakovost življenja pri otrocih in mladostnikih z astmo ter povezavo med stopnjo nadzora astme in kakovostjo življenja.
Metode: Presečna študija je vključevala 100 otrok in mladostnikov z astmo v šestmesečnem obdobju leta 2015. V raziskavi so bili uporabljeni: standardiziran vprašalnik o kakovosti življenja otrok z astmo (PAQLQ(S)) za oceno kakovosti življenja in vprašalnika za oceno krmiljenja astme za dve starostni skupini: test za kontrolo astme za mladostnike (ACT) in test za kontrolo astme pri otrocih (C-ACT).
Rezultati: Vključenih je bilo 62 fantov in 38 deklic, starih od 7 do 17 let, katerih povprečna starost je bila 11,2 (s = 2,7) leta. Skupni rezultati v oceni PAQLQ(S) so se gibali med 3,30 in 7,00 s povprečno vrednostjo 5,95. Ugotovitve kažejo, da je večina otrok z astmo umestila svojo splošno PAQLQ(S) proti pozitivnemu koncu lestvice. Otroci so poročali o večji oslabelosti na področju »Čustva« (x = 5,84) kot na področjih »Dejavnosti« in »Simptomi«. Odstotek mladostnikov, ki spadajo v kategorijo slabega nadzora (12,5 %), je bil znatno nižji kot v skupini otrok (25,0 %). V obeh skupinah otrok je bila lestvica »Simptomi« v največji povezavi s stopnjo nadzora astme (r = 0,915, p < 0,01).
Diskusija in zaključek: V raziskavi so otroci in mladostniki z astmo pokazali splošno dobro kakovost življenja. Nadzor simptomov astme pri otrocih in mladostnikih je pozitivno vplival na njihovo kakovost življenja.
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