Identifikacija priporočil, razvoj in testiranje uporabe piktogramov za izboljšanje komunikacije starejših v socialnovarstvenih zavodih

Avtorji

  • Nadis Krantić
  • Katarina Babnik Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za vede o zdravju, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenija
  • Boštjan Žvanut Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za vede o zdravju, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenija

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2018.52.4.223

Ključne besede:

slikovna komunikacijska orodja, razvoj orodij, komunikacija, institucionalno varstvo

Povzetek

Uvod: Piktogrami so slikovno komunikacijsko orodje, ki izboljšuje komunikacijo med izvajalci zdravstvenih in socialnih storitev ter starejšimi. Raziskava je zasledovala tri cilje: (i) identificirati priporočila za izdelavo piktogramov, primernih za starejše v socialnovarstvenih zavodih; (ii) na podlagi identificiranih priporočil razviti piktograme; (iii) ovrednotiti njihovo uporabnost.

Metode: Raziskava je temeljila na kombiniranem pristopu in so jo sestavljali trije deli: (i) analiza znanstvene in strokovne literature ter izvedba intervjujev s štirimi medicinskimi sestrami v socialnovarstvenih zavodih za identifikacijo priporočil za izdelavo piktogramov; (ii) izdelava piktogramov; (iii) evalvacija piktogramov s kvazieksperimentom. Za statistično obdelavo podatkov je uporabljena univariatna analiza (izračun frekvenc in relativnih frekvenc).

Rezultati: Identificirana priporočila za izdelavo piktogramov se nanašajo na njihovo splošno zasnovo, uporabo barv in oblik ter lokacijo. Intervjuji so natančneje opredelili priporočljivo lokacijo piktogramov ter konkretne potrebe po njihovi sporočilnosti: »nevarnost opeklin«, »higiena rok«, »nevarnost padca«, »nevarnost udarca vrat«, »jedilnica«, »delovna terapija«. Evalvacija izdelanih piktogramov s tridesetimi starejšimi iz socialnovarstvenega zavoda je pokazala ustrezno razumljivost, tri vodje služb za zdravstveno nego in oskrbo pa so potrdile njihovo uporabnost.

Diskusija in zaključek: Identificirana priporočila predstavljajo dobro osnovo za nadaljnjo izdelavo piktogramov za starejše iz socialnovarstvenih zavodov. Pogostejša uporaba piktogramov v socialnovarstvenih zavodih bi izboljšala komunikacijo s starejšimi in nudila ustrezno pomoč pri zagotavljanju njihove varnosti in ustrezne orientacije.

Prenosi

Podatki o prenosih še niso na voljo.

Metrike

Nalaganej metrik....

Biografije avtorja

Nadis Krantić

dipl. zn., mag. zdr. nege

Katarina Babnik, Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za vede o zdravju, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenija

doc. dr., univ. dipl. psih.

Boštjan Žvanut, Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za vede o zdravju, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenija

izr. prof. dr., univ. dipl. inž. el.

Literatura

Adams, R., 2009. Health literacy: a new concept for general practice. Australian Family Physician, 38(3), pp. 144–147. Available at: https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/200903/30557 [20. 7. 2017]. PMid:19283256

Barros, I., 2014. The use of pictograms in the health care: a literature review. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 10(5), pp. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2013.11.002 PMid:24332470

Berthenet, M., Vaillancourt, R. & Pouliot, A., 2016. Evaluation, modification, and validation of pictograms depicting medication instructions in the elderly. Journal of Health Communication, 21(Suppl 1), pp. 27–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2015.1133737 PMid:27043755

Beaufils, E., Hommet, C., Brault, F., Marqué, A., Eudo, C., Vierron, E., et al., 2014. The effect of age and educational level on the cognitive processes used to comprehend the meaning of pictograms. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 26(1), pp. 61–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-013-0179-6

Blazinšek, U., Zurc, J. & Skela Savič, B., 2013. Učinkovitost komunikacije diplomiranih in srednjih medicinskih sester z dementnimi bolniki v psihiatričnih bolnišnicah. Obzornik zdravstvene nege, 47(1), pp. 38–46. Available at: http://www.obzornikzdravstvenenege.si/2013.47.1.38 [20. 7. 2017].

Bonfin, G. & Paschoarelli, L., 2015. Visualization and comprehension of opening instructions in child resistant packaging. Procedia Manufacturing, 3, pp. 6153–6160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.906

Choi, J., 2011. Literature review: using pictographs in discharge instructions for older adults with low-literacy skills. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20(1), pp. 2984–2988. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03814.x PMid:21851434

Cloutier, M., 2014. Design and development of culture specific pictograms for type 2 diabetes. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 38(6), pp. 379–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2014.03.010 PMid:25028197

Cowgill, J. & Bolek, J., 2003. Symbol usage in health care settings for people with limited english proficiency. Scottsdale: JRC Design, p. 17.

Davies, S., Haines, H. & Norris, B., 2000. The role of pictograms in the conveying of consumer safety information. Nottingham: Department of trade and industry, p. 4.

Department of social development, 2015. DSD Design standards for nursing homes. Saint John: New Nouveau Brunswick social development, pp. 25–57. Available at: http://www2.gnb.ca/content/dam/gnb/Departments/sd-ds/pdf/NursingHomes/NursingHomeDesignStandards-e.pdf [20. 7. 2017].

Graham, N. & Warner, J., 2013. Demence in Alzheimerjeva bolezen. Ljubljana: eBesede, pp. 5–31.

Hanson, C., 1995. Evaluating pictograms as an aid for counseling elderly and low-literate patients. Journal of Pharmaceutical Marketing & Management, 9(3), pp. 41–54. https://doi.org/10.3109/J058v09n03_04

Health and safety executive, 2015. The Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations. London: Health and safety executive, p. 8.

Hill, L. & Roslan, M., 2012. Using visual concept mapping to communicate medication information to patients with low health literacy: a preliminary study. In: A. Canas, J. Novak & F. Gonzalez, eds. Concept maps: theory, methodology, technology. Proceedings of the second interantional conference on concept mapping. San Jose: Universidad de Costa Rica, pp. 621–628.

Houts, P., Doak, C. & Doak, L., 2006. The role of pictures in improving health communication: a review of research on attention, comprehension, recall, and adherence. Patient Education and Counseling, 61(2), pp. 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2005.05.004 PMid:16122896

Katz, M., Kripalani, S. & Weiss, B., 2006. Use of pictorial aids in medication instructions: a review of the literature. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 63(23), pp. 2391–2397. https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp060162 PMid:17106013

Kodeks etike v zdravstveni negi in oskrbi Slovenije, 2014. Ljubljana: Zbornica zdravstvene in babiške nege Slovenije – Zveza strokovnih društev medicinskih sester, babic in zdravstvenih tehnikov Slovenije.

Korenevsky, A., Vaillancourt, R. & Pouliot, A., 2013. How many words does a picture realy tell: cross-sectional descriptive study of pictogram evaluation by youth. The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 66(4), pp. 219–226. https://doi.org/10.4212/cjhp.v66i4.1269 PMid:23950605; PMCid:PMC3743853

Liu, Y., Xue, L., Xue, H. & Hou, P. 2018. Health literacy, self-care agency, health status and social support among elderly Chinese nursing home

residents. Health Education Journal, 77(3), pp. 303–311. https://doi.org/10.1177/0017896917739777

Mahdizadeh, M., & Solhi, M. 2018. Relationship between selfcare behaviors and health literacy among elderly women in Iran, 2015. Electronic Physician, 10(3), pp. 6462–6469. https://doi.org/10.19082/6462 PMid:29765570; PMCid:PMC5942566

Manafo, E. & Wong, S., 2012. Health literacy programs for older adults: a systematic literature review. Health Education Research, 27(6), pp. 947–960. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cys067 PMid:22752153

Matthews, L.A., Shine, A.L., Currie, L., Chan, C. V. & Kaufman, D.R., 2012. A nurse's eye-view on health literacy in older adults. In: NI 2012: Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on Nursing Informatics, June 23-27, 2012, Montreal, Canada 204. Bethesda, Maryland: American Medical Informatics Association. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3799118 [6. 2. 2018]. PMid: 24199086; PMCid: PMC3799118

Mobley, J. & Matherly, D., 2012. Using pictograms to make transit easier to navigate for customers with communication barriers. Washington: Transit cooperative research program, p. 6. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cys067

Ngoh, L.N., 2009. Health literacy: a barrier to pharmacist–patient communication and medication adherence. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 49(5), pp. e132–e149. https://doi.org/10.17226/22598 PMid:19748861

O'Toole, M.-T., ed., 2005. Miller-Keane Encyclopedia & dictionary of medicine, nursing, & allied health. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders.

Ramovš, J., Lipar, T. & Ramovš, M., 2012. Oskrba onemoglih ljudi. Kakovostna starost, 15(3), pp. 3–32.

Seok, J. & Park, M., 2012. Pictural education of safe medication for the elderly with cognitive impairment. Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 8(4), pp. 312–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.1538

Shiojiri, M., Nakatani, Y. & Yonezawa, T., 2013. Animation method of multiple visual symbols expressing weblog texts. In: Proceedings of IASDR 2013: 5th International Congress of the International Association of Societies of Design Research, pp. 1–12. Available at: http://design-cu.jp/iasdr2013/papers/2112-1b.pdf [6. 2. 2018].

Sørensen, K., Pelikan, J.M., Röthlin, F., Ganahl, K., Slonska, Z., Doyle, G., et al. 2015. Health literacy in Europe: comparative results of the European health literacy survey (HLS-EU).European Journal of Public Health, 25(6), pp. 1053–1058.https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckv043 PMid:25843827; PMCid:PMC4668324

Sunyavivat, C. & Boonyachut, S., 2013. Essential of pictograms for effective hospital signage. In: S. Ali, ed. The Inaugural European conference on arts & humanities 2013, Official conference proceedings 2013. Brighton: The International Academic Forum, pp. 55–67 Available at: http://www.arch.kmutt.ac.th/files/research/inter_Conference/2013/8.Essentail20of20pictograms20for20Effective20Hospital20Signage.pdf [6. 2. 2018].

Tijus, C., Barcenilla, J. & Cambon De Lavalette, B., 2007. The design, understanding and usage of pictograms. In: D. Alamargot, P. Tellier & J. Cellier, eds. Written documents in the workplace. France: Esmerald Group, pp. 17–31. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004253254_00

US Pharmacopeial Convention, 2016. USP Pictograms. Available at: http://www.usp.org/health-quality-safety/usppictograms [6. 2. 2018].

Van Servellen, G., 2009. Communication skills for the health care professional: concepts, practice, and evidence. 2nd ed. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, pp. 23–45.

World Medical Association, 2013. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Journal of the American Medical Association, 310(20), pp. 2191–2194. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053 PMid:24141714

Prenosi

Objavljeno

2018-12-16

Kako citirati

Krantić, N., Babnik, K., & Žvanut, B. (2018). Identifikacija priporočil, razvoj in testiranje uporabe piktogramov za izboljšanje komunikacije starejših v socialnovarstvenih zavodih. Obzornik Zdravstvene Nege, 52(4), 242–251. https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2018.52.4.223

Številka

Rubrike

Izvirni znanstveni članek

Najbolj brani prispevki istega avtorja(jev)

1 2 > >>