Management krhkosti na ravni posameznika – Preventiva pred krhkostjo
literature z vidika projekta skupnega ukrepanja – ADVANTAGE JA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2018.52.4.228Ključne besede:
starostniki, preventiva, prehrana, intervencija, telesna aktivnostPovzetek
Uvod: Krhkost je geriatrični sindrom in se kaže kot rezultat pod-pražnega zmanjšanja zmogljivosti številnih fizioloških sistemov, ki vodi v stanje visokega tveganja za neugodne zdravstvene izide. Ker se lahko proces, ki vodi do starostne krhkosti in oslabljenosti upočasni ali celo popolnoma zavre, so zgodnje intervencije in morebitno zdravljenje ključnega pomena.
Metoda: Za to raziskavo je bil izveden sistematičen pregled literature v naslednjih bazah: PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Cinahl in UpToDate. Vključitveni kriterij je bil izbor literature objavljene v zadnjih 15 letih, od leta 2002 do leta 2017. Od 391910 zadetkov je bilo izbranih 31 publikacij.
Rezultati: Zgodnje odkrivanje krhkosti in telesnega upada veljata za učinkovito ukrepanje zoper s starostjo povezanih komorbidnosti. Ciljne intervencije imajo pomemben vpliv na preventivo, napredovanje krhkosti in tveganje za neugodne zdravstvene izide. Med pomembne in učinkovite preventivne ukrepe sodi življenjski slog z vključeno telesno aktivnostjo (vztrajnostna vadba) in prehrano (večji vnos beljakovin in dodajanje vitamin D).
Zaključek: Ciljne intervencije imajo pomemben vpliv na preventive krhkosti. Upravljanje s krhkostjo in zgodnje intervencije zahtevajo širok in multidisciplinaren pristop, ki vključujejo klinično obravnavo z telesno aktivnostjo, prehrano in zdravili.
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Na Obzornik zdravstvene nege, Ob železnici 30A, 1000 Ljubljana, prenašam naslednje materialne avtorske pravice: pravico reproduciranja v neomejeni količini, in sicer v vseh poznanih oblikah reproduciranja, kar obsega tudi pravico shranitve in reproduciranja v kakršnikoli elektronski obliki (23. čl. Zakona o avtorski in sorodnih pravicah – v nadaljevanju ZASP); pravico distribuiranja (24. čl. ZASP); pravico dajanja na voljo javnosti vključno z dajanjem na voljo javnosti prek svetovnega spleta oz. računalniške mreže (32.a čl. ZASP); pravico predelave, zlasti za namen prevoda (33. čl. ZASP). Prenos pravic velja za članek v celoti (vključno s slikami, razpredelnicami in morebitnimi prilogami). Prenos je izključen ter prostorsko in časovno neomejen.
