Zdravstvena pismenost in sladkorna bolezen
študija primera na skupini pacientov v specialistični ambulanti za zdravljenje sladkorne bolezni
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2019.53.1.233Ključne besede:
funkcionalna pismenost, zdravje, zdravstvena vzgoja, sladkorna bolezenPovzetek
Uvod: Sladkorna bolezen zahteva od pacienta učinkovito samooskrbo, h kateri pripomore tudi zdravstvena pismenost. V skladu s tem je bil cilj raziskave na vzorcu pacientov s sladkorno boleznijo ugotoviti, kakšna je stopnja splošne in specifične zdravstvene pismenosti.
Metode: Izvedena je bila študija primera, v katero je bilo vključenih 36 pacientov s sladkorno boleznijo. Instrumenta za zbiranje podatkov sta bila vprašalnik za oceno splošne zdravstvene pismenosti ter vprašalnik za oceno specifične zdravstvene pismenosti. Zbrani podatki so bili analizirani s pomočjo deskriptivne statistike (frekvence, aritmetične sredine, standardne deviacije). Za vprašalnik splošne zdravstvene pismenosti smo izračunali zanesljivost (Cronbach alpha = 0,94) in analizirali dimenzionalno strukturo (faktorska analiza).
Rezultati: Na področju splošne zdravstvene pismenosti so udeleženci dosegli najnižji rezultat pri preprečevanju bolezni (x = 2,89, s = 0,85), najvišji pa pri promociji zdravja (x = 3,13, s = 0,79). Osebe, ki so sodelovale v raziskavi, izkazujejo visoko specifično zdravstveno pismenost, saj so bili njihovi odgovori na večino vprašanj vprašalnika o specifični zdravstveni pismenosti pacientov s sladkorno boleznijo v povprečju 82 % pravilni.
Diskusija in zaključek: Rezultati raziskave potrjujejo ustrezno stopnjo specifične zdravstvene pismenosti na področju sladkorne bolezni pri skupini pacientov, zajetih v raziskavo. Nekoliko slabša je njihova splošna zdravstvena pismenost na področju preprečevanja bolezni in zagotavljanja zdravega življenjskega sloga.
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