Razširjenost in značilnosti souporabe tobaka in konoplje med 15-letnimi dijaki v Sloveniji
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2019.53.1.259Ključne besede:
psihoaktivna snov, souporaba, značilnosti souporabnika, mladostnikiPovzetek
Uvod: Souporaba tobaka in kanabisa je pogosta med mladostniki, podatkov za Slovenijo ni. Namen raziskave je bil prikazati podatke o souporabi obeh snovi med 15-letniki v Sloveniji.
Metode: V analizo je vključen reprezentativni vzorec slovenskih 15-letnih dijakov (n = 1615) iz mednarodne presečne raziskave »Z zdravjem povezana vedenja v šolskem obdobju 2014«, uporabljena pa hi-kvadrat test in multivariatna logistična regresija.
Rezultati: Kadarkoli v življenju je obe snovi uporabilo 19,5 % 15-letnih dijakov, razlik med spoloma ni (p = 0,108). Uporaba obeh snovi kadarkoli v življenju je povezana z opitostjo v preteklosti (OR = 8,18, 95-% I. Z. 5,74−11,64), uporabo konoplje (OR = 3,93, 95-% I. Z. 2,67−5,79) in uporabo tobaka med prijatelji (OR = 1,83, 95-% I. Z. 1,25−2,69) ter nižjo zaznano podporo družine (OR = 0,88, 95-% I. Z. 0,80−0,97). V času raziskave je obe snovi uporabljalo 7,2 % vseh, brez razlik med spoloma (p = 0,136). Trenutna souporaba je povezana z opitostjo v preteklosti (OR = 8,06, 95-% I.Z. 4,43−14,67), uporabo konoplje med prijatelji (OR = 3,72, 95-% I.Z. 2,23−6,19) in rekonstruirano družino (OR = 3,33, 95-% I.Z. 1,74−6,40).
Diskusija in zaključek: Raziskava podpira širitev programov preprečevanja in opuščanja z ene na več psihoaktivnih snovi. Vrstniki in družina so ključni dejavniki, ki jih moramo nasloviti v preventivnih programih; do njih dostopamo v šolskem in zdravstvenem sistemu. Okoljska preventiva, vključno z zakonodajnimi ukrepi, kreira okolja, spodbudna za zdrave izbire, in prispeva k zmanjševanju souporabe.
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