Spolna zdravstvena pismenost slovenskih srednješolcev
opisna raziskava
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2024.58.2.3202Ključne besede:
spolna vzgoja, mladostniki, spolno zdravje, kontracepcija, spolno prenosljive bolezniPovzetek
Uvod: Spolna vzgoja mladostnikov je v šolah pomembno področje izobraževanja. Namen raziskave je bil oceniti znanje o spolnosti, izkušnje, vedenje in vire informacij o spolnosti med slovenskimi dijaki.
Metode: Uporabljen je bil spletni vprašalnik, poslan na vse srednje šole v osrednjeslovenski regiji, s povabilom dijakom prvih letnikov. V analizo so bili vključeni odgovori 201 anketiranca. Sodelujoči so bili v povprečju stari 15,59 let, 57 % ženskega spola in 67 % jih je bilo gimnazijcev. Podatki so bili statistično analizirani s testi hi-kvadrat, Mann-Whitneyjevim U-testom in t-testom.
Rezultati: Najpogostejši viri informacij o spolnosti za dijake so splet (67,0 %) in prijatelji (60,4 %). Večina dijakov želi informacije pridobiti od zdravstvenih delavcev (61,2 %) in najmanj od učiteljev (26,5 %). Spolna izkušnja z vaginalno penetracijo je pri dijakih/-njah srednjih in poklicnih srednjih šol pogostejša v primerjavi z gimnazijci/-kami (χ2 = 7,863, p = 0,005). Znanje o spolnosti se razlikuje glede na spol (U = 2257,500, p = 0,003) in vrsto srednješolskega izobraževanja (U = 1943,500, p = 0,001). Znanje o spolnosti je pozitivno povezano s količino pogovora o različnih temah o spolnosti, razen o božanju. Ni pa povezano s spolno aktivnostjo in uporabo zaščite.
Diskusija in zaključek: Pomembno je, da se več pozornosti nameni spolni vzgoji srednješolcev. Medicinske sestre v šolskem okolju lahko spodbujajo medvrstniško informiranje, opolnomočajo starše za pogovor z mladostniki in izvajajo spolno vzgojo. Rezultati raziskav o učinkovitosti različnih oblik in vsebin spolne vzgoje so lahko osnova za nadgradnjo preventivnih programov
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