Samoocena značilnosti delovnega okolja medicinskih sester in psihometrična analiza lestvice Indeks delovnega okolja v zdravstveni negi v slovenskem jeziku
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2024.58.1.3212Ključne besede:
kariera, poklicni status, vodje, zadovoljstvo pri delu, medpoklicno sodelovanje, zdravstvena negaPovzetek
Uvod: Intervencije za izboljšanje delovnega okolja medicinskih sester vključujejo ustrezno kadrovsko zasedbo, vrednotenje dela medicinskih sester, njihovo vključevanje v procese odločanja in dobro medpoklicno komunikacijo. Cilj raziskave je bil raziskati značilnosti dela, o katerih poročajo medicinske sestre v izbranih slovenskih bolnišnicah in njihovo povezavo z dimenzijami delovnih okolij v bolnišnicah.
Metode: Izvedena je bila presečna raziskava. Uporabljena je bila slovenska različica lestvice Indeks delovnega okolja v zdravstveni negi (PES-NWI(SI)), zbrani so bili podatki o značilnostih delovnih mest. Sodelovalo je 1010 medicinskih sester (403 diplomirane medicinske sestre in 605 tehnikov zdravstvene nege) iz desetih slovenskih splošnih bolnišnic. Dovoljenje za izvedbo raziskave je dala Komisija Republike Slovenije za medicinsko etiko.
Rezultati: Povprečna ocena PES-NWI(SI) je bila nizka (2,64); zanesljivost lestvice je bila 0,937. Prvotna pet-faktorska teoretična struktura lestvice je bila potrjena. Regresijski model je pojasnil pet notranjih dimenzij lestvice s 26–47 % uspešnostjo. Pojasnjevalne spremenljivke so bile priložnosti za napredovanje in izobraževanje, poklicni status, zadovoljstvo s trenutno službo in delovnim okoljem, neodvisnost pri delu in študijski dopust.
Diskusija in zaključek: Raziskava je pokazala slabo sposobnost menedžerjev v zdravstveni negi za zagotavljanje ustrezne kadrovske zasedenosti, slabo vključenost anketirancev in vodij v bolnišnične zadeve ter slabe možnosti kariernega napredovanja. Ustvarjanje optimalnega delovnega okolja za medicinske sestre je pomembna naloga menedžerjev in vodij. Nacionalna zdravstvena politika mora na medicinske sestre gledati kot na enakovredne zdravstvene delavce, na zdravstveno nego pa kot na stroko in znanost.
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