Diabetic foot complications

Authors

  • Klementina Meklav General Hospital Celje, Oblakova ulica 5, 3000 Celje, Slovenia
  • Vojko Flis University Clinical Center Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1826-9350
  • Jadranka Stričević University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
  • Vida Sruk University of Maribor, Faculty of Economics and Business, Razlagova 14, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2018.52.3.185

Keywords:

foot care, screening tests, complications, leg amputation

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic foot is a group of syndromes in which neuropathy, ischemia and infection lead to the destruction of tissue, resulting in morbidity and sometimes amputation. The purpose of this paper was to establish and investigate the frequency of diabetic foot in patients with diabetes. 
Methods: Mixed methods research was used in the study. The data collection technique was a questionnaire distributed to 60 patients with diabetes and a partially structured interview with two nurses working in a diabetes clinic. Quantitative data were analysed with descriptive and bivariate statistics. Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis.
Results: We have found that leg amputation is not a common complication of a diabetic foot (U = 4.4, p = 0.217), and that it cannot be claimed that the incidence of a diabetic foot is more common in men than in women (U = 0.6, p = 0.417), and that the patients are well educated about diabetic foot care and proper footwear.
Discussion and conclusion: What matters most in diabetic foot health education for patients, is that the patients are educated about diabetic foot verbally and in writing. Most often diabetic foot affects the patient’s quality of life. This research could be followed by using a higher number of patients. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Klementina Meklav, General Hospital Celje, Oblakova ulica 5, 3000 Celje, Slovenia

Msc (Nursing)

Vojko Flis, University Clinical Center Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia

Professor, PhD., MD

 

Jadranka Stričević, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia

Assistant Professor, PhD

Vida Sruk, University of Maribor, Faculty of Economics and Business, Razlagova 14, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia

Senior Lecturer, PhD

References

Abbott, C.A., Carrington, A.L., Ashe, H., Bath, S., Every, L.C., Griffiths, J., et al., 2002. The North-West Diabetes Foot Care Study: incidence of, and risk factors for, new diabetic foot ulceration in a community-based patient cohort. Diabetic Medicine, 19(5), pp. 377–384. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-5491.2002.00698.x PMid:12027925

Al Odhayani, A.A., Al Sayed Tayel, S. & Al-Madi, F., 2015. Foot care practices of diabetic patients in Saudi. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 24(7), pp. 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.12.003

Ambrož, A., 2010. Diabetično stopalo. In: E. Kavaš & M. Zrim, eds. Medicinske sestre zagotavljamo varnost in uvajamo novosti pri obravnavi pacientov s kroničnimi obolenji. Murska Sobota: Strokovno društvo medicinskih sester, babic in zdravstvenih tehnikov Pomurja, pp. 49–51.

American Diabetes Association (ADA), 2015. Foot Complications. Available at: http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/complications/foot-complications [30. 5. 2015].

Bowen, P.G., Clay, O.J., Lee, L.T., Vice, J., Ovalle, F., & Crowe, M., 2015. Associations of social support and self-efficacy with quality of life in older adults with diabetes. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 41(12), pp. 21–29. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20151008-44 PMid:26468654; PMCid:PMC4753825

Diabetes Care Program of Nova Scotia, 2009. Diabetes Foot Care Questionnaire. Available at: http://diabetescare.nshealth.ca/sites/default/files/files/FootCareQuestionnaire.pdf [3. 5. 2015].

Flis, V., & Miksić, K., 2010. Bolezni arterij. In: V. Flis, & K. Miksić, eds. Izbrana poglavja iz kirurgije: učbenik za kirurgijo na visokih zdravstvenih šolah. Maribor: Založba Pivec, pp. 171–181.

International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot, 2015. IWGDE Guidance on the prevention of foot ulcers in at-risk patients with diabetes. Available at: http://iwgdf.org/guidelines/guidance-for-prevention-2015 [20. 7. 2016].

Kavčič, Ž., 2013. Diabetična noga. In: V. Vilar & T. Planinšek Ručigaj, eds. Izziv ali problem pri oskrbi ran. Ljubljana: Društvo za oskrbo ran Slovenije (DORS), pp. 139–149.

Kodeks etike v zdravstveni negi in oskrbi Slovenije in Kodeks etike za babice Slovenije, 2014. Ljubljana: Zbornica zdravstvene in babiške nege Slovenije – Zveza strokovnih društev medicinskih sester, babic in zdravstvenih tehnikov Slovenije.

Koren, F., 2012. Sladkorna bolezen. In: S. Ferfolja, ed. Obravnava starostnika s sladkorno boleznijo: zbornik predavanj. Ljubljana: Strokovna sekcija medicinskih sester in zdravstvenih tehnikov v socialnih zavodih, pp. 7–10.

Kosi, M., 2016. Spoznajmo svoje nogenoge: diabetično stopalo. II. del. Zaloker & Zaloker. Available at: http://www.zaloker-zaloker.si/sl/sladkorna-bolezen/zanimivosti-in-nasveti/spoznajmo-svoje-noge-diabeticnostopalo-ii-del [18. 7. 2016].

Kosmina Novak, V., 2010. Oskrba pacienta s kronično boleznijo na primarni ravni v specialistični dejavnosti. In: T. Štemberger Kolnik & S. Majcen Dvoršak, eds. Medicinske sestre zagotavljamo varnost in uvajamo novosti pri obravnavi pacientov. Ljubljana; Koper: Zbornica zdravstvene in babiške nege Slovenije Zveza strokovnih društev medicinskih sester, zdravstvenih tehnikov in babic; Strokovno društvo medicinskih sester, zdravstvenih tehnikov in babic, pp. 41–44.

Martins-Mendes, D., Monteiro-Soares, M., Boyko, E.J., Ribeiro, M., Barata P., Lima, J., et al., 2014. The independent contribution of diabetic foot ulcer on lower extremity. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 28(5), pp. 632–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.04.011 PMid:24877985; PMCid:PMC4240944

Močnik Drnovšek, V., 2009. Človekove pravice v zvezi z biomedicino, Oviedska konvencija in dodatni protokoli. Ljubljana: Ministrstvo za zdravje Republike Slovenije, pp. 5–103.

Peterson M., J., & Virden D., M., 2013. Improving diabetic foot care in a nurse-managed safety-net clinic. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 25(5), pp. 263–271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2012.00786.x PMid:24170568

Rustja, M., 2012. Diabetično stopalo. In: S. Ferfolja, ed. Obravnava starostnika s sladkorno boleznijo: zbornik predavanj. Ljubljana: Strokovna sekcija medicinskih sester in zdravstvenih tehnikov v socialnih zavodih, pp. 31–37.

Sedej, B., & Kos, N., 2010. Rehabilitacija v prvih dneh po amputaciji na spodnjem udu. In: M. Rems & P. Studen Pauletič, eds. Zbornik povzetkov/ 5. kongres Združenja kirurgov Slovenije z mednarodnim sodelovanjem. Ljubljana: Združenje kirurgov Slovenije, p. 89.

Smrke, D.M., 2010. Principi zdravljenja dibetične noge. In: M. Rems & P. Studen Pauletič, eds. Zbornik povzetkov/ 5. kongres Združenj kirurgov Slovenije z mednarodnim sodelovanjem, Kranjska Gora, 25.–27. november 2010. Ljubljana: Združenje kirurgov Slovenije, p. 86.

Štotl, I., 2017. DIABZS: skupaj za zdravje. Available at: http://endodiab.si/category/diabzs [20. 7. 2016].

Urbančič, V. & Slak, M., 2017. Pregled diabetičnega stopala. Available at: http://endodiab.si/priporocila/diabeticna-noga/pregled-stopala [18. 6. 2016].

Volk, V., 2012. Oskrba rane pri sladkornem bolniku. In: S. Ferfolja, ed. Obravnava starotnika s sladkorno boleznijo: zbornik predavanj. Ljubljana: Strokovna sekcija medicinskih sester in zdravstvenih tehnikov v socialnih zavodih, pp. 38–42.

World Health Organization (WHO), 2014. Diabetes. Available at: http://www.who.int/diabetes/en [3. 4. 2015].

World Health Organization (WHO), 2017. Diabetes. Available at: http://www.who.int/diabetes/en/ [6. 9. 2017].

World Medical Association, 2013. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Journal of the American Medical Association, 310(20), pp. 2191–2194. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053 PMid:24141714

Zumbaira, M., Malika, A., & Ahmad, J., 2012. Incidence, risk factors for amputation among patients with diabetic foot ulcer in a North Indian tertiary care hospital. The Foot, 22(1), pp. 24–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foot.2011.09.003 PMid:22079404

Published

2018-09-16

How to Cite

Meklav, K., Flis, V., Stričević, J., & Sruk, V. (2018). Diabetic foot complications. Slovenian Nursing Review, 52(3), 168–176. https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2018.52.3.185

Issue

Section

Original scientific article

Most read articles by the same author(s)