Self-regulation of chronic pain

stimulation strategy

Authors

  • Urška Nemec General Hospital Murska Sobota, Splošna bolnišnica Murska Sobota, Rakičan, Ulica dr. Vrbnjaka 6, 9000 Murska Sobota, Slovenia
  • Majda Pajnkihar University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6298-045X
  • Sonja Šostar Turk University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
  • Petra Klanjšek University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
  • Anja Košič University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2019.53.1.221

Keywords:

concept, chronic pain, stimulation, health care

Abstract

Introduction: Strategy of stimulation intended for patients with chronic pain is an active strategy of pain selfregulation where an individual learns to find the balance between the time used for an activity and the time for resting. The aim is to maintain the quality of life and reduce the symptoms of chronic pain. No unified definition for the concept has been developed yet nor has it been applied in practice.
Methods: The descriptive method, the method of analysis, the synthesis of the literature and the PRISMA guidelines were used. Out of a total of 789 results, 19 were included in the final analysis. We performed an overview of the relevant scientific literature and an analysis of the concept stimulation, which has not yet been carried out in Slovenia and includes nine steps.
Results: The strategy for chronic pain management can be divided into three groups: (1) forerunners: pain and ignorance, (2) attributes: activity, time, balance, learning and self-control and (3) consequences of the concept: pain treatment and increased effectiveness at activities.
Discussion and conclusion: Before applying it in practice, the strategy should be tested in a clinical environment and a re-evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of the use of the concept should be performed. Views on applying the concept in practice differ; some think this would lead to negative consequences, while others think that it would contribute to the healing of chronic pain. The strategy would be useful in programs for patients with a diagnosed chronic pain (chronic pain after injury, degenerative changes, chronic back pains, chronic headaches, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain etc.) that is not a consequence of oncological illness.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Urška Nemec, General Hospital Murska Sobota, Splošna bolnišnica Murska Sobota, Rakičan, Ulica dr. Vrbnjaka 6, 9000 Murska Sobota, Slovenia

MSc

Majda Pajnkihar, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia

Professor, PhD, MSc, BSc

Sonja Šostar Turk, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia

Professor, MSc

Petra Klanjšek, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia

Assist., MSc, RN

Anja Košič, University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia

MSc

References

Andrews, N.E., Strong, J. & Meredith, P.J., 2012. Activity pacing, avoidance, endurance, and associations with patient functioning in chronic pain: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 93(11), pp. 2109−2121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2012.05.029 PMid:22728699

Antcliff, D., Campbell, M., Woby, S. & Keeley, P., 2015. Assessing the psychometric properties of an activity pacing questionnaire for chronic pain and fatigue. Physiotherapy, 95(9), pp. 1274−1286. https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20140405 PMid: 25908522; PMCid: PMC4556956

Antcliff, D., Keeley, P., Campbell, M., Oldham, J. & Woby, S., 2013. The development of an activity pacing questionnaire for chronic pain and/or fatigue: a Delphi technique. Physiotherapy, 99(3), pp. 241−246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2012.12.003 PMid:23395263

Antcliff, D., Keeley, P., Campbell, M., Woby, S. & McGowan, L., 2016. Exploring patients' opinions of activity pacing and a new activity pacing questionnaire for chronic pain and/or fatigue: a qualitative study. Physiotherapy, 102(3), pp. 300−307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.08.001 PMid:26385155

Birkholtz, M., Aylwin, L. & Harman, R.M., 2004. Activity pacing in chronic pain management: one aim, but which method: part one, introduction and literature review. The British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 67(10), pp. 447−452. https://doi.org/10.1177/030802260406701005

Cutcliffe, J.R. & McKenna, H.P., 2005. The essential concepts of nursing : building blocks for practice. New York: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 1−15.

Fordyce, W.E., 1976. Behavioral methods in chronic pain and illness. St. Louis: CV Mosby. PMid:1063343

Friedberg, F. & Jason, L., 2001. Chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia: clinical assessment and treatment. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 57(4), pp. 433−455. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.1040 PMid:11255201

Gill, J.R. & Brown, C.A., 2009. A structured review of the evidence for pacing as a chronic pain intervention. European Journal of Pain, 13(2), pp. 214−216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpain.2008.03.011 PMid:18448368

Goudsmit, E.M., Nijs, J., Jason, L.A. & Wallman, K.E., 2012. Pacing as a strategy to improve energy management in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a consensus document. Disability and Rehabilitation, 34(13), pp. 1140−1147. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2011.635746 PMid:22181560

Griffin, D.W., Harmon, D.C. & Kennedy, N.M., 2011. Do patients with chronic low back pain have an altered level and/or pattern of physical activity compared to healthy individuals: a systematic review of the literature. Physiotherapy, 98(1), pp. 13−23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2011.04.350 PMid:2226538

Jamieson-Lega, K., Berry, R. & Brown, C.A., 2013. Pacing: a concept analysis of a chronic pain intervention. Pain Research & Management, 18(4), pp. 207−213. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/686179

Karsdorp, P.A. & Vlaeyen, J.W., 2009. Active avoidance but not activity pacing is associated with disability in fibromyalgia. Pain, 147(1–3), pp. 29−35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2009.07.019 PMid:19716234

Kindermans, H.P., Roelofs, J., Goossens, M.E., Huijnen, I.P., Verbunt, J.A. & Vlaeyen, J.W., 2011. Activity patterns in chronic pain: underlying dimensions and associations with disability and depressed mood. The Journal of Pain, 12(10), pp. 1049−1058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2011.04.009 PMid:21704568

Kodeks etike v zdravstveni negi in oskrbi Slovenije, 2014. Ljubljana: Zbornica zdravstvene in babiške nege Slovenije – Zveza strokovnih društev medicinskih sester, babic in zdravstvenih tehnikov Slovenije.

Molton, I., Jensen, M.P., Ehde, D.M., Carter, G.T., Kraft, G. & Cardemas, D.D., 2008. Coping with chronic pain among younger, middle-aged, and older adults living with neurological injury and disease. Journal of Aging and Health, 20(8), pp. 972−996. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264308324680 PMid:18791184; PMCid:PMC2716650

Murphy, S.L. & Kratz, A.L., 2014. Activity pacing in daily life: a within-day analysis. Pain, 155(12), pp. 2630−2637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2014.09.028 PMid:25267209; PMCid:PMC4353388

Nielson, W.R., Jensen, M.P, Karsdorp, P.A. & Vlaeyen, J.W., 2013. Activity pacing in chronic pain: concepts, evidence, and future directions. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 29(5), pp. 461−468. https://doi.org/10.1097/AJP.0b013e3182608561 PMid:23247005

Nijs, J., Paul, L. & Wallman, K., 2008. Chronic fatigue syndrome: An approach combining self-management with graded exercise to avoid exacerbations. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 40(4), pp. 241−247. https://doi.org/10.2340/16501977-0185 PMid:18382818

PRISMA, 2017. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). Available at: http://prisma-statement.org/Default.aspx [28. 2. 2017].

Walker, L.O. & Avant, K.C., 2011. Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Boston: Prentice Hall.

White, P.D., Goldsmith, K.A., Johnson, A.L., Potts, L., Walwyn, R., DeCesare, J.C., et al., 2011. Comparison of adaptive pacing therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, graded exercise therapy, and specialist medical care for chronic fatigue syndrome (PACE): a randomised trial. Lancet, 377(9768), pp. 823−836. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60096-2

World Medical Association, 2013. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Journal of the American Medical Association, 310(20), pp. 2191–2194. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053PMid:24141714

Published

2019-03-15

How to Cite

Nemec, U., Pajnkihar, M., Šostar Turk, S., Klanjšek, P., & Košič, A. (2019). Self-regulation of chronic pain: stimulation strategy. Slovenian Nursing Review, 53(1), 70–77. https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2019.53.1.221

Issue

Section

Review article

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>