Prehranski vzorci slovenskih mladostnikov in njihov življenjski slog: kvantitativna raziskava

Manica Radivo; Tamara Poklar Vatovec

doi:10.14528/snr.2023.57.4.3229

Authors

Manica Radivo Forestry, Wood Technology and Nursing School in Postojna, Tržaška 36, 6250 Postojna, Slovenia
Tamara Poklar Vatovec University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutritional Counseling – Dietetics, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9787-7607

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2023.57.4.3229

Keywords:

nutrition of the adolescent, breakfast, fruits and vegetables, legumes, physical activity, sleep

Abstract

Introduction: Healthy eating, physical activity and sleep are important determinants of the lifestyle of adolescents. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between adolescents' dietary patterns and their lifestyle, as well as to analyse the differences by gender and region of residence, and to establish associations between individual lifestyle patterns.
Methods: The study was conducted in the spring of 2019 on a group of third-year students (n = 1,563) from randomly selected secondary schools in Slovenia. The average age of the participants was 18 years. Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire created with the 1KA online tool, comprising 30 questions. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated using SPSS software. The t-test was used to determine statistically significant differences, while χ2 statistic and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used to determine statistically significant associations.
Results: The study revealed a large deficit in the intake of vegetables, legumes and fish compared to the intake of fruit, as per recommendations, particularly in Eastern Slovenia. Statistically significant differences in nutritional status were identified between the two cohesion regions (U = 275.597, p = 0.003). A positive correlation was observed between the frequency of breakfast consumption during the week and the amount of sleep (rs = 0.177, p = 0.001), while a negative correlation was established between sedentary behaviour and regular physical activity among adolescents during their free time (rs = ‒0.113, p = 0.001).
Discussion and conclusion: The dietary habits of the adolescents participating in the study were not in line with the recommendations. Physical activity guidelines were also not followed by the adolescents. Future research should focus more on older adolescents (18 to 24 years) and examine the relationship between individual lifestyle factors.

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