Mentoring foreign nursing students: a case study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2016.50.1.71Keywords:
multiculturalism, practical training of international students, internationalisation of higher educationAbstract
Introduction: Multiculturalism, globalisation and internationalisation present an inevitable factor of development which has an impact on higher education as well as on work in clinical settings. Prior studies have noted that clinical mentors do not possess sufficient multicultural competences. The aim of the study was to examine the clinical mentors' and higher education teachers' experience in mentoring foreign students. Methods: A qualitative case study approach was chosen to examine the clinical mentors' and higher education teachers' experience in mentoring foreign nursing students at one of the higher education institutions. The data were collected in January 2014, using the technique of group interview and a half-structured questionnaire as a research instrument. The sample was composed of six clinical mentors and higher education teachers. The interviews were transcribed and a general inductive approach was used to analyse the texts. Results: The answers were categorized and pooled into five major topical categories, namely, cultural awareness, knowledge of different cultures, cultural skills, intercultural connections and willingness to become culturally aware. The categories depict the respondents' experiences of cross-cultural encounters, characteristics of mentoring international students, willingness to become culturally aware and language barriers. Cultural competence has a positive impact on the quality of nursing care, enhances motivation to acquire new knowledge and evokes positive attitude towards internationalisation of practical training. Discussion and conclusion: The interviewees agreed that mutual respect of different cultures is important. They expressed a desire to better understand cultural differences. The mentors did not need any special training to undertake mentoring of foreign students. Language barriers and fear gradually decreased. The research findings will add to better understanding of culturally specific mentoring of foreign nursing students which should be customized to fit with their cultural values, beliefs, traditions.Downloads
Metrics
References
Atieno Okech, J.E. & DeVoe, S., 2010. A multidimensional exploration of impact of international experiences on counselors cross – cultural awareness. International Journal for the Advancement of the Counselling, 32(2), pp. 117–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10447-010-9093-1
Baker, W., 2008. A critical examination of ELT in Thailand: the role of cultural awareness. Regional Language Centre Journal, 39(1), pp. 132–146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033688208091144
Braček Lalić, A., 2010. Internacionalizacija visokega šolstva – konceptualni okvir. In: Trunk Širca, N. ed., Model učinkovitega managementa visokošolskega zavoda. Koper: Fakulteta za management, pp. 325–336.
Campinha-Bacote, J., 2002. The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services: a model of care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 13(3), pp. 181–184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10459602013003003 PMid:12113146
Cohen, A., Yemini, M. & Sadeh, E., 2014. Web-based analysis of internationalization in Israeli teaching colleges. Journal of Studies in International Education, 18(Suppl 1), pp. 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1028315313479131
Dielis, W. & Van den Berg, A., 2014. Soulbus: national case study report – Netherlands – Enschede: SAXION University.
Doplihar, J., 2010. Multikulturalizem vs. multikulturnost, teorija in praksa Slovenije in Švedske: diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija. Koper: Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za humanistične študije, p. 9.
Drabble, L., Sen, S. & Oppenheimer, S.Y., 2012. Integrating a transcultural perspective into the social work curriculum: a descriptive and exploratory study. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 32(Suppl 2), pp. 204–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08841233.2012.670087
Edgecombe, K., Jennings, M. & Bowden, M., 2013. International nursing students and what impacts their clinical learning: literature review. Nurse Education Today, 33(Suppl 2), pp. 138–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2012.07.015 PMid:22939701
European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice, 2014. Modernisation of higher education in europe: access, retention and employability. eurydice report. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
European Commission, 2013. The European Union explained. Europe 2020: Europe's growth strategy. Luxembourg:
Publications Office of the European Union. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/pdf/europe_2020_explained.pdf
2. 2015].
Flowers, D.L., 2004. Culturally competent nursing care: a challenge for the 21st century. Critical Care Nurse, 24(4), pp. 48–52. PMid:15341234
Graham, I. & Norman, L., 2008. A reflective discussion: questions about globalization and multiculturalism in nursing as revealed during a student/staff exchange programme. Internal Journal of Nursing Practice, 14(Suppl 3), pp. 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2008.00686.x PMid:18460059
Heininen–Reimi, T. & Hyppönen, T., 2014. Soulbus: national case study report – Finland – Lahti: Lahti University of Applied Sciences.
Henderson, J., 2009. It's all about give and take, or is it? Where, when and how do native and non - native uses of English shape U.K. university students' representations of each other and their learning experience? Journal of Studies in International Education, 13(Suppl 3), pp. 398–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1028315308329788
House, R.J., 2004. Illustrative examples of GLOBE findings. In: House, R.J., Hanges, P.J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P.W. & Gupta, V. eds. Culture, leadership and organizations: the GLOBE study of 62 societies. Thousand oaks: SAGE, pp. 3–8.
Hvalič Touzery, S. & Skela-Savič, B., 2014. Case studies repository. Building social capital by improving multicultural competence in higher education and labour market – Soulbus project. Jesenice: College of Nursing.
Hvalič Touzery, S., 2014a. Kulturne kompetence medicinskih sester kot dejavnik kakovosti oskrbe pacientov. In: Pivač, S., Skela-Savič, B., Hvalič Touzery, S., Kalender Smajlović, S., eds. Klinično usposabljanje skozi EU direktivo in mednarodne standarde ter izkušnje v Sloveniji: količina in kakovost kliničnega usposabljanja: zbornik predavanj. 8. šola za klinične mentorje, Jesenice: Fakulteta za zdravstvo, pp. 46–55.
Hvalič Touzery, S., Kalender Smajlovič, S. & Smodiš, M., 2014b. Multikulturne kompetence kliničnih mentorjev: rezultati
projekta Soulbus. In: Pivač, S., Skela Savič, B., Hvalič Touzery, S. & Kalender Smajlović, S., eds. Klinično usposabljanje skozi EU direktivo in mednarodne standarde ter izkušnje v Sloveniji: količina in kakovost kliničnega usposabljanja: zbornik predavanj. 8. šola za klinične mentorje, Jesenice: Fakulteta za zdravstvo, pp, 56–64.
Hvalič Touzery, S., Skela-Savič, B., Sihvonen, S., Hopia, H., Jeđud Borić; I., Viitkar, K., et al., 2014c. Multicultural competencies of teachers and mentors: project Soulbus. In: Skela-Savič, B. & Hvalič Touzery, S. eds. Znanje, vrednote, prepričanja in dokazi za razvoj kakovostne zdravstvene obravnave: mesto in vloga zdravstvene nege: zbornik predavanj z recenzijo. 7. mednarodna znanstvena konferenca, Bled, 12. in 13. junij 2014. Jesenice: Fakulteta za zdravstvo, pp. 48–56.
Ingram, R.R., 2012. Using Campinha-Bacote's process of cultural competence model to examine the relationship between health literacy and cultural competence. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(3), pp. 695–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05822.x PMid:21895740
Jeđud Borić, I., 2014. Soulbus: national case study report – Croatia – Zagreb: Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences.
Koski, J., 2015. Sairaanhoitajien kokemukset kansainvälisen opiskelijan harjoittelun ohjaamisesta (Nurses' experiences of supervising international students' clinical practice): masters thesis. Saarijärvi: JAMK University of Applied Sciences.
Kostelijk, E., Julsing, M., & Versteeg, A., 2006. Onderzoek Internationalisering docenten Hanzehogeschool Groningen. Groningen: Hanze Connect.
Leonardo Da Vinci: student mobility project – experiences from Thuringia/Germany, 2006. Available at: http://www.wcss.wroc.pl/tempus/eupula/Leonardo-Thuringia.htm [12. 8. 2014].
Loredan, I. & Prosen M., 2013. Kulturne kompetence medicinskih sester in babic. Obzornik zdravstvene nege, 47(1), pp. 83–89.
Lukšič Hacin, M., 2009. Multikulturalizem. Medkulturne kompetence v izobraževanju odraslih. Available at: http://arhiv.acs.si/publikacije/Medkulturne_kompetence_v_izobrazevanju_odraslih.pdf [27. 6. 2014].
Mattila, L.R., Pitkäjärvi, M., & Eriksson, E., 2010. International student nurses' experiences of clinical practice in the Finnish health care system. Nurse Education in Practice, 10(3), pp. 153–157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2009.05.009 PMid:19539530
Ndiwane, A., Miller, K.H., Bonner, A., Imperio, K., Matzo, M., McNeal, G., et al., 2004. Inhancing cultural competencies in advanced practice nurses: health challenges in the tewnty-first century. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 11(3), pp. 118–121. PMid:15689146
Nigam, M., 2011. The journey of international nursing students in a school of nursing. In: International Unity in Diversity Conference, 18. and 19. August. Townsville: Townsville Intercultural Centre.
Sharing diversity. National approaches to intercultural dialogue in Europe: study for the European Commission: report, 2008. Bonn: European Institute for Comparative Cultural Research. Available at: http://www.interculturaldialogue.eu/web/files/14/en/Sharing_Diversity_Final_Report.pdf [12. 5. 2015].
Sihvonen, S. & Hopia, H., 2014. Soulbus: national case study report – Finland. Jyväskylä: JAMK University of Applied Sciences. Jyväskylä.
Statistični urad Republike Slovenije (SURS), 2013. Mednarodni dan študentov. Available at: http://www.stat.si/StatWeb/glavnanavigacija/podatki/prikazistaronovico?IdNovice=5895 [8. 7. 2015].
Van Eyken, H., Farcasiu, A., Raeymaeckers, M., Szekely, R. & Wagenhofer, I., 2005. Developing skills for efficient communication with people from different cultural backgrounds, basic trainer competencies. Deurne – Karjaa – Sibiu – Vienna.
Van der Woning, R.J.A., 2013. International competencies. a quantitative study to explore if lecturers of the faculty of social work and the faculty of health are familiar with ''international competencies'' and use those competencies while lecturing: masters thesis. Birmingham City University / Birmingham, Saxion University / Enschede – Deventer.
Viitkar, K., 2014. Soulbus: national case study report – Estonia. Tartu: Tartu Health Care College.
Vujašković, T., 2011. Mednarodna izmenjava študentov: konceptualni model kulturne prilagodljivosti: magistrsko delo. Ljubljana: Univerza v Ljubljani, Ekonomska fakulteta.
The European Higher Education Area, 2012. Mobility for better learning. Mobility strategy 2020 for the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). Bucharest: European Higher Education Area. Available at: http://www.ehea.info/Uploads/%281%29/2012%20EHEA%20Mobility%20Strategy.pdf [3. 2. 2015].
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
As the author undersigned hereby, I transfer, assign, or otherwise convey the following authorship rights as comprised in the Copyright and Related Rights Act (CRRA) to the Slovenian Nursing Review, Ob železnici 30A, 1000 Ljubljana: the right of reproduction - the exclusive right to fix the work in a material medium or in another copy directly or indirectly, temporarily or permanently, by any means and in any digital form, in whole or in part (CRRA, Article 23); the right of distribution (CRRA, Article 24); the right of making a work available and accessible through the internet (CRRA, Article 32a); the right of transformation, especially the exclusive right to translate a pre-existing work (CRRA, Article 33). The transfer of author rights applies to the article in its entirety, including pictorial and/or graphic works and possible supplements. The transfer of rights is exclusive and unlimited in duration or territory.
