Samomorilne misli pri bolnikih z rakom
pregled literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2025.59.3.3299Ključne besede:
onkologija, samomomor, rak, samomorilne misliPovzetek
Uvod: Pri bolnikih z rakom je tveganje za samomorilne misli in samomorilnost višje kot pri ostalem prebivalstvu, zato je razumevanje čustvene stiske in ugotavljanje samomorilnih misli pri bolnikih z rakom izjemno pomembno. Namen pregleda literature je raziskati dosedanje ugotovitve s področja raziskovanja samomorilnih misli pri bolnikih z rakom.
Metode: Pregledana je bila literatura, ki je bila objavljena v obdobju petih let (od leta 2019 do leta 2024) v podatkovnih bazah PubMed, ScienceDirect in Medline s ključnimi besedami: »onkologija«, »samomor«, »rak«, »samomorilne misli« in v angleškem jeziku »oncology«, »suicide«, »cancer«, »suicide thoughts«. Potek pregleda literature prikazuje diagram PRISMA. V pregled je bilo vključenih devet raziskav. Uporabljena je bila metoda vsebinskega združevanja in primerjava spoznanj, vključenih v raziskavo.
Rezultati: Rezultati so pokazali, da so med bolniki z rakom v od 11-ih % do 26-ih % prisotne samomorilne misli in da so na voljo presejalna orodja za ta problem. Težava pa je v tem, da se presejalna orodja ne uporabljajo v klinični praksi rutinsko. Najpogosteje sta uporabljena presejalno orodje Distress Thermometer in vprašalnik o zdravju PHQ-9. V organizacijah, v katerih zdravstveno osebje uporablja presejalna orodja, hitreje ugotovijo prisotnost samomorilnih misli.
Diskusija in zaključek: Ugotovitve so pokazale prisotnost samomorilnih misli pri bolnikih z rakom in da obstajajo različna presejalna orodja za ugotavljanje samomorilne ideacije. Potrebna je redna uporaba presejalnih orodij in razumevanje čustvene stiske kot šestega vitalnega znaka. Zdravstvene delavce je treba motivirati in organizirati izobraževanja v obliki delavnic o pomembnosti obvladovanja čustvene stiske pri bolnikih z rakom.
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