Identifikacija priporočil, razvoj in testiranje uporabe piktogramov za izboljšanje komunikacije starejših v socialnovarstvenih zavodih

Avtorji

  • Nadis Krantić
  • Katarina Babnik Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za vede o zdravju, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenija
  • Boštjan Žvanut Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za vede o zdravju, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenija

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2018.52.4.223

Ključne besede:

slikovna komunikacijska orodja, razvoj orodij, komunikacija, institucionalno varstvo

Povzetek

Uvod: Piktogrami so slikovno komunikacijsko orodje, ki izboljšuje komunikacijo med izvajalci zdravstvenih in socialnih storitev ter starejšimi. Raziskava je zasledovala tri cilje: (i) identificirati priporočila za izdelavo piktogramov, primernih za starejše v socialnovarstvenih zavodih; (ii) na podlagi identificiranih priporočil razviti piktograme; (iii) ovrednotiti njihovo uporabnost.

Metode: Raziskava je temeljila na kombiniranem pristopu in so jo sestavljali trije deli: (i) analiza znanstvene in strokovne literature ter izvedba intervjujev s štirimi medicinskimi sestrami v socialnovarstvenih zavodih za identifikacijo priporočil za izdelavo piktogramov; (ii) izdelava piktogramov; (iii) evalvacija piktogramov s kvazieksperimentom. Za statistično obdelavo podatkov je uporabljena univariatna analiza (izračun frekvenc in relativnih frekvenc).

Rezultati: Identificirana priporočila za izdelavo piktogramov se nanašajo na njihovo splošno zasnovo, uporabo barv in oblik ter lokacijo. Intervjuji so natančneje opredelili priporočljivo lokacijo piktogramov ter konkretne potrebe po njihovi sporočilnosti: »nevarnost opeklin«, »higiena rok«, »nevarnost padca«, »nevarnost udarca vrat«, »jedilnica«, »delovna terapija«. Evalvacija izdelanih piktogramov s tridesetimi starejšimi iz socialnovarstvenega zavoda je pokazala ustrezno razumljivost, tri vodje služb za zdravstveno nego in oskrbo pa so potrdile njihovo uporabnost.

Diskusija in zaključek: Identificirana priporočila predstavljajo dobro osnovo za nadaljnjo izdelavo piktogramov za starejše iz socialnovarstvenih zavodov. Pogostejša uporaba piktogramov v socialnovarstvenih zavodih bi izboljšala komunikacijo s starejšimi in nudila ustrezno pomoč pri zagotavljanju njihove varnosti in ustrezne orientacije.

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Biografije avtorja

Nadis Krantić

dipl. zn., mag. zdr. nege

Katarina Babnik, Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za vede o zdravju, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenija

doc. dr., univ. dipl. psih.

Boštjan Žvanut, Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za vede o zdravju, Polje 42, 6310 Izola, Slovenija

izr. prof. dr., univ. dipl. inž. el.

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Objavljeno

2018-12-16

Kako citirati

Krantić, N., Babnik, K., & Žvanut, B. (2018). Identifikacija priporočil, razvoj in testiranje uporabe piktogramov za izboljšanje komunikacije starejših v socialnovarstvenih zavodih. Obzornik Zdravstvene Nege, 52(4), 242–251. https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2018.52.4.223

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