Vpliv telesne vadbe v nosečnosti na pojavnost poporodne depresije
integrativni pregled literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2025.59.1.3262Ključne besede:
porod, depresija, vadbena intervencija, fizioterapija, zdravstvena vzgojaPovzetek
Uvod: Nove razmere, kakršen je porod, so fizično in psihično obremenjujoče, še posebej, če ženska v poporodnem obdobju doživi poporodno depresijo. Gre za najpogostejšo poporodno duševno motnjo, katere posledice so lahko dolgotrajne. Namen integrativnega pregleda literature je preučiti učinke vadbenih intervencij v nosečnosti na razvoj poporodne depresije ter ugotoviti, ali so vse vadbene intervencije enako učinkovite.
Metode: Uporabljen je bil integrativni pregled literature s pomočjo dveh podatkovnih baz PubMed in ScienceDirect. Vključene so bile ženske, ki so izvajale vadbeno intervencijo v nosečnosti. Identificiranih je bilo 451 zadetkov, za končno analizo pa so bile uporabljene štiri randomizirane kontrolirane raziskave v angleškem jeziku med letoma 2015 in 2022. Za pregled poteka raziskave je bil uporabljen diagram PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Za oceno metodološke kakovosti je bil uporabljen obrazec MMAT (Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool).
Rezultati: Dve izmed štirih raziskav navajata, da vadbena intervencija v nosečnosti zmanjša razvoj poporodne depresije, vendar vse raziskave kažejo, da so potrebne nove sodobne vadbene intervencije.
Diskusija in zaključek: Glede na rezultate pregleda literature s težavo v celoti potrdimo, da vadbena intervencija v nosečnosti vpliva na zmanjšanje razvoja poporodne depresije, vendar so zaradi mnogih omejitvenih dejavnikov ter majhnega števila metodološko visokokakovostnih raziskav v prihodnje potrebne bolj načrtovane raziskave. Kljub temu predlagamo, naj fizioterapevti in drugi zdravstveni delavci telesno dejavnost nosečnic še naprej spodbujajo.
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