Comparison of self-esteem and quality of life between residents of old people's home and the elders living at home

Authors

  • Jadranka Pluzarić Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Trg Svetog Trojstva 3 31000 Osijek Croatia
  • Vesna Ilakovac Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Trg Svetog Trojstva 3 31000 Osijek Croatia
  • Danica Železnik University College of Health Sciences Slovenj Gradec Glavni trg 1 2380 Slovenj Gradec Slovenia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2016.50.3.108

Keywords:

elderly, housing, physical activity

Abstract

Introduction: Research on self-esteem and quality of life has been so far predominantly focused on younger age groups. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the differences regarding self-esteem and quality of life between the residents of old people's home and the elders living at home. Methods: A questionnaire used in the survey inquired about socio-demographic data and the respondents' activities. It included the respondents' self-esteem assessment, based on the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES), the assessment of quality of life, based on the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) and the assessment of their functional abilities. The purposive sample included 204 respondents. The research was conducted from November 2012 to March 2013. Results: The respondents in both groups expressed equal satisfaction with life (p = 0.846). The respondents who live in their own home demonstrate higher self-esteem than those who live in old people's home (difference in mean scores of the RSES was 3.4; 95 % CI for the difference from 1.0 to 5.8; t-test for independent samples, p = 0.005). Results of the study suggest that the respondents with higher self-esteem are more satisfied with their life (p = 0.537, p < 0.001). Discussion and conclusion: Self-esteem has to be recognised as a factor associated with the quality of life and should therefore be included in the care of the elderly. Timely and adequate interventions may prevent the decline in quality of life, which requires adequate training of health personnel and family members, and the public awareness.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Jadranka Pluzarić, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Trg Svetog Trojstva 3 31000 Osijek Croatia

viš. pred. mag. Jadranka Pluzarić, dipl. med. ses.

Vesna Ilakovac, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Trg Svetog Trojstva 3 31000 Osijek Croatia

izr. prof. dr. Vesna Ilakovac, prof. mat. in fiz.

Danica Železnik, University College of Health Sciences Slovenj Gradec Glavni trg 1 2380 Slovenj Gradec Slovenia

izr. prof. dr. Danica Železnik, viš. med. ses., prof. zdr. vzg.

References

Alaphilippe, D. 2008. [Self-esteem in the elderly]. Psychologie & neuropsychiatrie du vieillissement [Article in French], 6(3), pp. 167–176. PMid:18786875

An, J.-Y., An, K., O'Connor, L. & Wexler, S., 2008. Life satisfaction, self-esteem, and perceived health status among elder Korean women: focus on living arrangements. Journal of transcultural nursing, 19(2), pp. 151–160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659607313070 PMid:18362207

Brajković, L., 2010. Pokazatelji zadovoljstva životom u trećoj životnoj dobi: disertacija. Zagreb: Sveučilište u Zagrebu. Available at: http://medlib.mef.hr/824/1/brajkovic.pdf [31. 8. 2016].

Charles, S.T., 2010. Strength and vulnerability integration: a model of emotional well-being across adulthood. Psychological Bulletin, 136(6), pp. 1068–1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0021232 PMid:21038939; PMCid:PMC3059514

Clissett, P., Porock, D., Harwood, R.H. & Gladman, J.R.F., 2013. Experiences of family carers of older people with mental health problems in the acute general hospital: a qualitative study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 69(12), pp. 2707–2716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jan.12159 PMid:23607576

Despot Lučanin, J., 2003. Iskustvo starenja - doprinos teoriji starenja. Zagreb: Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Studijski centar socijalnog rada, p. 238.

Diener, E., Emmons, R.A. & Larsen, R.J., 1985. The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment. 49(1), pp. 71–75. Available at: http://internal.psychology.illinois.edu/~ediener/Documents/ Diener-Emmons-Larsen-Griffin_1985.pdf [2. 9. 2016].

Dóci, I., Hosák, L. & Kovárová, M., 2003. [Loneliness in the elderly as a social and medical problem]. Casopís lékařů českých, 142(8), pp. 505–507. PMid:14626568

Gabriel, Z. & Bowling, A. 2004. Quality of life from the perspectives of older people. Ageing & Society, 24 (5), pp. 675–691. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X03001582

Gerino, E., Marino, E., Brustia, P. & Rollè, L. 2014. Quality of life in the elderly: a study on risk and protective factors. Final APPAC abstracts book, p. 13. Available at: http://www.appac.gr/BWUploads/ItemsContent/175/ ABSTRACTS_NEO.pdf [31. 8. 2016].

Gerino, E., Marino, E., Brustia, P., Dimitrios, G.L. & Rollé, L. 2015. Quality of life in the third age: a research on risk and protective factors. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 187, pp. 217–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.041

Gothe, N.P., Mullen, S.P., Wójcicki, T.R., Mailey, E.L., White, S.M., et al., 2011. Trajectories of change in self-esteem in older adults: exercise intervention effects. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 34(4), pp. 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10865-010-9312-6 PMid:21222223; PMCid:PMC3118401

Hjaltadóttir, I. & Gústafsdóttir, M., 2007. Quality of life in nursing homes: perception of physically frail elderly residents. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 21(1), pp. 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2007.00434.x PMid:17428214

Kermode, S. & MacLean, D., 2001. A study of the relationship between quality of life, health and self-esteem. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, 19(2), pp. 33–40. PMid:11845707

Lee, L.Y., Lee, D.T. & Woo, J., 2010. The psychosocial effect of Tai Chi on nursing home residents. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19(7-8), pp. 927–938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.02793.x PMid:20492037

Netten, A., Ryan, M., Smith, P., Skatun, D., Healey, A., Knapp, M., et al., 2002. The development of a measure of social care outcome for older people. PSSRU Discussion Paper, 1690(2), pp. 1–107. Available at: http://www.pssru.ac.uk/pdf/dp1690.pdf [31. 8. 2016].

OECD, The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2015. Life satisfaction. OECD better life index. Available at: http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/topics/life-satisfaction/ [31. 8. 2016].

Orth, U., Trzesniewski, K.H. & Robins, R.W., 2010. Self-esteem development from young adulthood to old age: a cohortsequential longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98(4), pp. 645–658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0018769 PMid:20307135

Pavot, W. & Diener, E., 2008. The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(2), pp. 137–152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760701756946

Prieto-Flores, M.E., Forjaz, M.J., Fernandez-Mayoralas, G., Rojo-Perez, F. & Martinez-Martin, P., 2011. Factors associated with loneliness of noninstitutionalized and institutionalized older adults. Journal of Aging and Health, 23(1), pp. 177–194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264310382658 PMid:20881107

Pronk, M., Deeg, D.J.H., Smits, C., van Tilburg, T.G., Kuik, D.J., Festen, J.M., et al., 2011. Prospective effects of hearing status on loneliness and depression in older persons: identification of subgroups. International Journal of Audiology, 50(12),

pp. 887–896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2011.599871 PMid:21929374

Rokach, A., 2012. Loneliness updated: an introduction. The Journal of Psychology, 146(1-2), pp. 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2012.629501 PMid:22303608

Rosenberg, M., 1965. Society and adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400876136

Routasalo, P.E., Savikko, N., Tilvis, R.S., Strandberg, T.E. & Pitkälä, K.H., 2006. Social contacts and their relationship to loneliness among aged people: a population-based study. Gerontology, 52(3),181–187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000091828 PMid:16645299

Sok, S.R., 2010. Factors influencing life satisfaction of Korean older adults living with family. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 36(3), pp 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20100202-01 PMid:20180500

Suhonen, R., Välimäki, M. & Leino-Kilpi, H., 2005. Individualized care, quality of life and satisfaction with nursing care. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 50(3), pp. 283–292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03391.x PMid:15811107

Schutzer, K.A. & Graves, B.S., 2004. Barriers and motivations to exercise in older adults. Preventive Medicine, 39(5), pp. 1056–1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.04.003 PMid:15475041

Taft, L.B., 1985. Self-esteem in later life: a nursing perspective. ANS Advances in Nursing Science, 8(1), pp. 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00012272-198510000-00009 PMid:3933415

Theeke, L.A., 2009. Predictors of loneliness in U.S. adults over age sixty-five. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 23(5),

pp. 387–396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2008.11.002 PMid:19766930

Theeke, L.A., Goins, R.T., Moore, J. & Campbell, H., 2012. Loneliness, depression, social support, and quality of life in older chronically ill Appalachians. The Journal of Psychology, 146(1-2), pp. 155–171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2011.609571 PMid:22303618

Tomek-Roksandić, S. & Čulig, J. ed., 2004. Gerontološki zdravstveno-statistički pokazatelji za Hrvatsku 2002/2003 godina. Zagreb: Centar za gerontologiju Zavoda za javno zdravstvo grada Zagreba.

Tomek-Roksandić, S., 2004. Zdravstvene potrebe i funkcionalna sposobnost hrvatskoga staračkog pučanstva. In: Petric, D. & Rumboldt, M. ed. Zbornik – XI. kongres obiteljske medicine. Split: Hrvatska udružba obiteljske medicinestr, pp. 117–135.

Zimmerman, M.E., Ezzati, A., Katz, M.J., Lipton, M.L., Brickman, A.M., Sliwinski, M.J., et al., 2016. Perceived stress is differentially related to hippocampal subfield volumes among older adults. PLoS One. 11(5), p. e0154530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154530 PMid:27144832; PMCid:PMC4856349

Železnik, D., 2010. Self-care behavior styles and the functional ability of elderly people living in their home environment. Obzornik zdravstvene nege, 44(1), pp. 3–11. Available at: http://www.obzornikzdravstvenenege.si/2010.44.1.3 [31. 8. 2016].

Železnik, D., Kyngäs, H. & Isola, A., 2011. Quality treatment for elderly based on integrational cooperation and knowledge of self care behaviour styles. In: Plenković, M. ed. Društvo i tehnologija 2011: knjiga sažetaka. Zagreb: Hrvatsko komunikološko društvo, pp. 55–56.

Železnik, D., 2012 Stališča starejših v Pomurju o zadovoljstvu z življenjem in o samospoštovanju. Kakovostna starost, 15(4), pp. 28–40.

Železnik, D., 2014. Skrb zase kot paradigma življenja starostnikov: znanstvena monografija : [raziskava o pomenu skrbi zase pri starostnikih]. Slovenj Gradec: Visoka šola za zdravstvene vede, pp. 1–101.

Downloads

Published

2016-09-27

How to Cite

Pluzarić, J., Ilakovac, V., & Železnik, D. (2016). Comparison of self-esteem and quality of life between residents of old people’s home and the elders living at home. Slovenian Nursing Review, 50(3). https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2016.50.3.108

Issue

Section

Original scientific article

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2