Graduation badges or pins of former nursing and midwifery schools in Slovenia: an interpretative historical research
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2017.51.4.174Keywords:
badges, pins, nurses, midwives, nursery nurses, graduation pinsAbstract
Introduction: Around the world schools of nursing and midwifery awarded their graduates with badges or pins. The pins are referred to with different names: school, nurse/midwives or graduation pins. The goal of this historical research was, in addition to preserving knowledge on this cultural tradition, also to establish which Slovenian schools presented these pins and what they looked like. Methods: There are almost no written sources related to this topic, so 346 interviews with currently employed nurses and midwives as well as retired nurses and midwives or their relatives were conducted. Photographs exhibiting pins on nurses or midwives uniforms were also collected. The research was conducted from June 2013 to December 2016. Results: It has been established that all graduates of Slovenian nursing and midwifery schools were presented with graduation pins. The earliest pins were awarded in 1925. After the educational reform of secondary schools in 1981/82 the pins were no longer presented. Five types of pins with different symbolic motifs were documented. Less than a fifth (19 %) of the interviewees still have the pins in their possession. Discussion and conclusion: The pins provide evidence of the foundation and development of healthcare schools and present a part of Slovenian nursing history. They should be put in a museum or maybe even in an independent museum of healthcare as it is customary elsewhere around the world.Downloads
Metrics
References
Ambrožič, M., 1927. Pravilnik Šole za sestre v zavodu za socialnohigiensko zaščito dece v Ljubljani. Uradni list ljubljanske in mariborske oblasti, 9(2), pp. 1–2.
Borisov, P., 1995. Ginekologija na Slovenskem od začetkov do leta 1980. Ljubljana: Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti, p. 31.
Brbora, Z., 2015. Službene značke i odore medicinskih sestara, primalja i bolničarki u Hrvatskoj (1914.–1990.). Dubrovnik: Samozaložba, pp. 1–23.
Brown, T., 1952. Nursing school pins. American Journal of Nursing, 52(10), p. 1224. https://doi.org/10.2307/3459842 PMid:12985635
Callander-Grant, S., 2001. Nurses's badges: archaic symbols or icons of nursing? International History of Nursing Journal 6(2), pp. 71–74. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12143446 [6. 10. 2016]. PMid:12143446
Dobrajc, F., 2005. Razvoj šole od ustanovitve do danes. In: F. Dobrajc & M. Marolt, eds. Zbornik ob 50-letnici Srednje zdravstvene šole Celje 1954–2004. Celje: Srednja zdravstvena šola Celje, pp. 6–12.
Dragaš, B., 1930. Pomoč novorojenčku in dojenčku. Ljubljana: Knjižnica zavoda za zdravstveno zaščito mater in dece v Ljubljani, pp. 105, 125.
Dugac, Ž. & Horvat, K., 2013. Službeno, praktično i elegantno: o uniformama sestara pomočnica-medicinskih sestara od 1920-ih do 1940-ih godina u Hrvatskoj. Acta medico-historica Adriatica, 11(2), pp. 251–274. PMid:24304108
Ericksen, K., 2016. Nursing pinning ceremony: a rite of passage for graduates. Available at: http://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/nursing/blog/nursing-pinning-ceremony-rite-of-passage-forgraduates/ [6. 10. 2016].
Gradišek, A., 1974. 50 let zdravstvenega strokovnega šolstva na Slovenskem. Zdravstveni obzornik, 8(3), pp. 145–155.
Grypma, S., 2011. Reintroducing the pinning ceremony. Journal of Christian Nursing, 28(3), p. 127. https://doi.org/10.1097/CNJ.0b013e31821eb579 PMid:21853710
Horvat, V., Strnad, M., Čebulec, J., Hedžet, A., Strablek, Š., Pertot, M., et al., 1935. Dopis gojenk Vodstvu šole za zaščitne sestre v Ljubljani. Privatni arhiv Fischinger.
Jarnovič, N., 1978. Značke medicinskih sester v Sloveniji. Zdravstveni obzornik, 12(1), pp. 54–55.
Keršič, I., Magajne. M., Sima, Đ. & Leskovec, I., 2011. Medicinske sestre skozi čas. Ljubljana: Društvo medicinskih sester, babic in zdravstvenih tehnikov Ljubljana, p. 27.
Knjiga diplom zdravstvene nege VŠZD Ljubljana, 1978. Arhiv Zdravstvene fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani.
Kozon, V., 2006. Pflegephaleristik-Katalog Österreich. Wien: Österreichische Gesselschaft für vaskuläre Pflege, pp. 8, 11.
Kozon, V., 2011. Geschichte in Mitteleuropa im Spiegel der Pflegephaleristik. In: V. Kozon, E. Seidl & W. Walter, eds. Geschichte der Pflege – der Blick über die Grenze. Wien: Österreichische Gesselschaft für vaskuläre Pflege, pp. 147–202.
Meglaughlin, J., 1990. British nursing badges. London: VadeMecum Press, pp. 1–182.
Meixner Reed, M., 2009. American nursing pins in history and in context. Nurse-enterpreneur-network. Available at: https://sites.google.com/site/nursingpinsandcollectibles/ [15. 9. 2015].
Neja, 1969. Medicinska sestra Antonija Šiffrerjeva. Zdravstveni Obzornik, 3(3), p. 136.
Organizacija otroških sester negovalk in vzgojiteljic, 1941. Otroške sestre negovalke in vzgojiteljice o svojem poklicu in v odgovor na pojasnilo o poklicu zaščitne sestre. Slovenski narod, 74(58), p. 2.
Pirc, I., 1938. Zdravje v Sloveniji, II knjiga: zdravstvene prilike in delo higijenskih ustanov v Sloveniji 1922–1936. Ljubljana: Higijenski zavod v Ljubljani. p. 437.
Rode, M.W., 1989.The nursing pin: symbol of 1,000 years of service. Nursing Forum, 24(1), pp. 15–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6198.1989.tb00813.x PMid:2694101
Romih, K., Prebil, A., Skinder Savič, K., Mežik-Veber, M. & Skela-Savič, B., 2012. Prisega Angele Boškin za diplomante študijskega programa prve stopnje zdravstvene nege. Utrip, 20(6), pp. 16–18.
Salobir, Z., & Vengušt, M., 2013. V zrcalu preteklosti in sedanjosti. In: Z. Salobir, et al., eds. Naše poti: jubilejni zbornik ob 50-letnici Strokovnega društva medicinskih sester, babic in zdravstvenih tehnikov Celje. Celje: Strokovno društvo medicinskih sester, babic in zdravstvenih tehnikov Celje, pp. 20–46.
Sutherland, K., 1997. The nursing pin. Journal of Christian Nursing, 14(2), pp. 26–27. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005217-199714020-00010 PMid:9362801
Šeparović, Z., 1989. Novo o položaju in odgovornosti medicinskih sester v zdravstvu. Zdravstveni obzornik, 23(1–2), pp. 31–42.
Švajncer, J.J., 1983. Naše stare značke. Katalog. Pokrajinski muzej v Mariboru, p. 34.
Šuštar, B., 1992. Šola za sestre: zdravstveno šolstvo na Slovenskem: razstavni katalog. Ljubljana: Slovenski šolski muzej, pp 1–135.
Upravni odbor, 1953. Babiške značke. Babiški vestnik, 21(1,2), np.
World Medical Association, 2013. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Journal of the American Medical Association, 310(20), pp. 2191–2194. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053 [1. 9. 2017]. PMid:24141714
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
As the author undersigned hereby, I transfer, assign, or otherwise convey the following authorship rights as comprised in the Copyright and Related Rights Act (CRRA) to the Slovenian Nursing Review, Ob železnici 30A, 1000 Ljubljana: the right of reproduction - the exclusive right to fix the work in a material medium or in another copy directly or indirectly, temporarily or permanently, by any means and in any digital form, in whole or in part (CRRA, Article 23); the right of distribution (CRRA, Article 24); the right of making a work available and accessible through the internet (CRRA, Article 32a); the right of transformation, especially the exclusive right to translate a pre-existing work (CRRA, Article 33). The transfer of author rights applies to the article in its entirety, including pictorial and/or graphic works and possible supplements. The transfer of rights is exclusive and unlimited in duration or territory.
