Razmah komercialnih genetskih in genomskih testiranj ter izzivi za medicinske sestre
pregled literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2025.59.4.3264Ključne besede:
elektivna genomika, genetsko svetovanje, genomska pismenost, zdravstvena negaPovzetek
Uvod: Razvoj genetike in genomike pomeni nove možnosti v medicini in zdravstveni negi. Genetsko testiranje, ki je osnova za te klinične dejavnosti, se je pojavilo tudi kot komercialna, samoplačniška spletna storitev. Namen pregleda literature je ugotoviti izzive za zdravstveno nego v povezavi z razvojem trga komercialnih genetskih in genomskih testiranj.
Metode: Uporabljena je deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom razpoložljive literature. V bazah PubMed/Medline, CINAHL Ultimate in ScienceDirect je bilo z uporabo Boolovih operaterjev izvedeno iskanje po ključnih besedah direct-to-consumer testing, genetic counselling in nursing ter sopomenkah. Zajeta je bila literatura v angleškem jeziku, ki ni bila starejša od deset let. Od zajetih 280 zadetkov je bilo analiziranih 12 člankov, ki so bili ovrednoteni glede na dokazno moč. Uporabljena je bila metoda tematske analize.
Rezultati: Identificirane so štiri glavne teme: izkušnje zdravstvenih delavcev s komercialnim genetskim ali genomskim testiranjem, informiranje o komercialnem genetskem ali genomskem testiranju, kompetence medicinskih sester in vprašanje regulacije komercialnega genetskega in genomskega testiranja.
Diskusija in zaključek: Na opisanem področju je malo empiričnih raziskav in znanstvene literature. Za splošno spopadanje z genomiko medicinske sestre potrebujejo ustrezno znanje. Smiselno je nadaljnje raziskovanje z že validiranimi vprašalniki, izdelava prototipne učne vsebine o komercialnem testiranju za medicinske sestre in oblikovanje ekspertnih mnenj po metodi Delfi o pomenu in načinih osveščanja različnih javnosti glede problematike komercialnega genetskega in genomskega testiranja.
Prenosi
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