Nutrition of people with advanced dementia
An integrative literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2022.56.2.3099Keywords:
severe cognitive impairment, malnutrition, feeding problems, quality of life, long-term care, nursingAbstract
Introduction: Advanced dementia is a terminal stage in the clinical course of dementia, characterized by the loss of autonomy in conducting basic activities of daily living and a high risk of malnutrition in addition to severe cognitive, physical, behavioural, and psychological impairment. The article presents approaches to achieving optimal nutrition in the elderly with advanced dementia in long-term care.
Methods: An integrative review of the literature published between 2014 and 2019 was conducted. Using the keywords (dementia OR alzheimers OR cognitive impairment OR memory loss) AND (feeding OR eating OR nutrition) databases MEDLINE and CINAHL with full texts were searched. The final review included 19 studies.
Results: Based on literature review, the four thematic areas were identified: (1) promoting self-feeding, (2) use of tailored nutrition, (3) swallowing disorder management, (4) person-centred care.
Discussion and conclusion: Approaches to improve or maintain the quality of life of people with advanced dementia focus on encouraging self-feeding and eating independence, which may be achieved through management of mental, functional and swallowing problems, promotion of oral food intake and provision of person-centred care.
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