Primerjava pojavnosti medicinskih intervencij in porodnih izidov pri nizkorizičnih prvorodnicah v samostojni babiški enoti in porodni enoti
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2014.48.3.16Ključne besede:
nizko tveganje, porod, medicinske intervencije, perinatalni izidiPovzetek
Uvod: Namen nacionalne raziskave je bila primerjava porodnih izidov ter izidov pri materah in novorojenčkih v samostojni babiški enoti in porodni enoti ter tako preveriti, ali so porodi v samostojni babiški enoti manj medikalizirani. Metode: Prospektivna opazovalna raziskava primerov s kontrolami je bila izvedena med majem in avgustom 2013. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 497 žensk, 154 žensk je rodilo v samostojni babiški enoti in 343 žensk v porodni enoti. Obe skupini žensk sta izpolnjevali enak vstopni kriterij: prvorodnice brez prisotnih dejavnikov tveganja, ob porodnem terminu, z enim plodom v glavični vstavi, normalno plodovo frekvenco srca in spontanim začetkom poroda. Primarni izid je bil delež carskih rezov. Za primerjavo medicinskih intervencij in porodnih izidov v obeh skupinah je bil uporabljen test hi-kvadrat. Rezultati: Ženske, ki so rodile v samostojni babiški enoti, so imele statistično pomembno več spontanih vaginalnih porodov (p < 0.001), manj pospeševanj z oksitocinom (p < 0.001), manjšo uporabo analgetikov (p < 0.001), manj operativnih vaginalnih porodov (p < 0.001) in carskih rezov (p < 0.001), manj epiziotomij (p < 0.001) in več polnega dojenja (p = 0.002). Diskusija in zaključek: V samostojni babiški enoti je bilo uporabljenih manj medicinskih intervencij. Za generalizacijo zaključkov te študije bi bile potrebne nadaljnje raziskave v Sloveniji.
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