Veljavnost in zanesljivost vprašalnika o potencialnih dejavnikih stresa zaposlenih v zdravstveni negi v slovenskih bolnišnicah
kavzalno-neeksperimentalna metoda
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2019.53.4.2988Ključne besede:
delovni pogoji, preobremenjenost, merske lestvicePovzetek
Uvod: Zaposleni v zdravstveni negi so izpostavljeni številnim dejavnikom stresa. V slovenskem prostoru doslej nismo imeli instrumenta za merjenje stresa med zaposlenimi v zdravstveni negi. Namen raziskave je bil validirati vprašalnika o merjenju stresorjev, ki so jim izpostavljeni zaposleni v zdravstveni negi v slovenskih bolnišnicah.
Metode: Uporabljena je bila kvantitativna deskriptivna metoda, s kavzalno-neeksperimentalnim raziskovalnim dizajnom. Podatki so bili zbrani s pomočjo vprašalnikov »Lestvica za merjenje stresa« in »Stres na delovnem mestu bolnišničnih zdravstvenih delavcev«, združenih v merski instrument »Potencialni dejavniki stresa pri zaposlenih v zdravstveni negi«. Validacija vprašalnika je bila izvedena na priložnostnem
vzorcu 983 zaposlenih v 21 slovenskih bolnišnicah. Podatki so analizirani z opisnimi metodami in faktorsko analizo.
Rezultati: Z eksploratorno faktorsko analizo je preostalo 34 spremenljivk, ki pojasnijo 68 % celotne variabilnosti. Vrednosti Kaiser-Meyer-Olkinove mere primernosti vzorca in Bartletovega testa sferičnosti (KMO = 0,931, Bartlett: χ2(561) = 9670,501, p < 0,001) so se izkazale kot primerne za izvedbo eksploratorne faktorske analize, s katero smo dobili devet faktorjev. Vprašalnik je zanesljiv, vrednosti koeficienta Cronbach α se gibljejo na intervalu od 0,805 do 0,932.
Diskusija in zaključek: Vprašalnik je zanesljiv in veljaven instrument za merjenje potencialnih stresorjev v zdravstveni negi v slovenskih bolnišnicah in odpira možnosti primerjav z veljavnimi instrumenti v tujini. Merilni instrument je namenjen managerjem v zdravstveni negi.
Prenosi
Metrike
Literatura
Admi, H. & Eilon-Moshe, Y., 2016. Do hospital shift charge nurses from different cultures experience similar stress: an international cross sectional study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 63, pp. 48–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.08.005 PMid:27591723
Alhajjar, B.I., 2013. Occupational stress among hospital nurses in Gaza-Palestine: doktorska disertacija. Manchester: Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, pp. 57–89.
Alkrisat, M. & Alatrash, M., 2017. Psychometric properties of the extended nursing stress scale: measuring stress in workplace. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 25(1), pp. 31–45. https://doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.25.1.E31 PMid:28395697
Ažman, M., 2018. Nič o nas brez nas. Utrip, 27(2), pp. 2–7. Bae, S.H., Hwang, S.W. & Lee, G., 2018. Work hours, overtime, and break time of registered nurses working in medium-sized Korean hospitals. Workplace Health and Safety, 66(12), pp. 588–596. https://doi.org/10.1177/2165079918769683 PMid:29911497
Bai, J., Hsu, L. & Zhang, Q., 2015. Validation of the essentials of magnetism II in Chinese critical care settings. Nursing in Critical Care, 20(3), pp. 134–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/nicc.12041 PMid:24118656
Bambi, S., Foà, C., De Felippis, C., Lucchini, A., Guazzini, A. & Rasero, L., 2018. Workplace incivility, lateral violence and bullying among nurses; a review about their prevalence and related factors. Acta Bio-Medica, 89(6-S), pp. 51–79. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v89i6-S.7461
Blunch, N., 2012. Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling Using IBM SPSS Statistics and Amos. London: Sage, p. 71. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526402257
Crossman, A., 2019. Correlation analysis in research. Available at: http://thoughtco.com/what-is-correlation-analysis-3026696 [28. 8. 2019].
Demiral, M.B., Oksuz, E., Pazar, B., 2017. Turkish version of the Student Nurse Stress Index: validity and reliability. Asian Nursing Research, 11(2), pp. 128–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2017.05.006 PMid:28688498
Didehvar, M., Zareban, I., Jalili, Z., Bakhshani, N.M., Shahrakipoor, M. & Balouchi, A., 2016. The effect of stress management training through precede-proceed model on occupational stress among nurses and midwives at Iran hospital. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 10(10), pp. LC01–LC05. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/22569.8674 PMid:27891358; PMCid:PMC5121696
Dobnik, M., 2019. Vplivni dejavniki stresa med zaposlenimi v zdravstveni negi v slovenskih bolnišnicah in njihova povezanost s kulturo kakovosti in varnosti: doktorska disertacija. Maribor: Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za organizacijske vede, p. 37.
Elmi, S., Hassankhani, H., Abdollahzadeh, F., Jafar Abadi, M.A., Scott, J. & Nahamin, M., 2017. Validity and reliability of the Persian Practice Environment Scale of Nursing Work Index. Iran Journal Nursing Midwifery Resource, 22(2), pp. 106–111. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-9066.205953 PMid:28584547; PMCid:PMC5442990
Field, A., 2005. Discovering Statistics Using SPSS, 2nd ed. SAGE, London, p. 55.
Franci, D., 2015. Analiza vpliva stresa in izgorevanja pri medicinskih sestrah v enotah intenzivne terapije: magistrsko delo. Maribor: Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, p. 15.
French S.E., Lenton R., Walters V. & Eyles J., 2000. An empirical evaluation of an expanded nursing stress scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 8, pp. 161–178. https://doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.8.2.161 PMid:11227582
Fu, C., Yang, M., Leung, W., Liu, Y., Huang, H. & Wang, R., 2018. Associations of professional quality of life and social support with health in clinical nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 26(2), pp. 172–179. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12530 PMid:28976030
Garcia, M.G., Läubli, T. & Martin, B.J., 2018. Muscular and vascular issues induced by prolonged standing with different work-rest cycles with active or passive breaks. Human Factors, 60(6), pp. 806–821. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720818769261 PMid:29648891
Ghislieri, C., Gatti, P., Molino, M. & Cortese, C.G., 2017. Work-family conflict and enrichment in nurses: between job demands, perceived organisational support and work-family backlash. Journal of Nursing Management, 25(1), pp. 65–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12442 PMid:27859839
Gray-Toft, P. & Anderson, J., 1981. The Nursing Stress Scale: development of an instrument. Journal of Behavioral Assessment, 3, pp. 11–13.
Hair, J., Black, W., Barry Babin & Anderson, R., 2014. Multivariate Data Analysis. New York: Prentice-Hall, pp. 600–636.
Harison, R., 2018. For nurses, working overtime may cut collaboration. Health and Medicine. Available at: https://www.futurity.org/nurse-overtime-collaboration-1763932/ [5. 2. 2019].
Henrich, N.J., Dodek, P.M., Gladstone, E., Alden, L., Keenan, S.P., Reynolds, et al., 2017. Consequnces of moral distress in the intensive care unot: a qualitative study. American Journal of Critical Care, 26(4), pp. e48–e57. https://doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2017786 PMid:28668926
Huddleston, P., Mancini, M.E. & Gray, J., 2017. Measuring nurse leaders' and direct care nurses' perceptions of a healthy work environment in acute care settings, part 3. Healthy work environment scales for nurse leaders and direct care nurses. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 47(3), pp. 140–146. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000456 PMid:28157817
Jones-Berry, S., 2018. Poor working conditions drive nurses to the brink. Nursing Standard, 33(3), p. 7. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.33.3.7.s4
Jones-Berry, S. & Munn, F., 2017. One in ten nurse sick days down to stress or depression. Nursing Standard, 32(5), pp. 12–15. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.32.5.12.s13
Jilk, E.M., 2017. Brush up your professional nursing résumé. Nursing, 47(10), pp. 41–44. https://doi.org/10.1097/01
Jing, S., Leiwen, T. & Zhihong, Y., 2017. Measuring the nursing work environment in Mainland China: further development of the Chinese Nursing Work Environment Scale. Nursing Research, 66(4), pp. 311–322. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNR.0000000000000221 PMid:28410271
Kagamiyama, H. & Yano, R., 2018. Relationship between subjective fatigue, physical activity, and sleep indices in nurses working 16-hour night shifts in a rotating two-shift system. Journal of Rural Medicine, 13(1), pp. 26–32. https://doi.org/10.2185/jrm.2951 PMid:29875894; PMCid:PMC5981016
Kerrigan, D., Chau, V., King, M., Holman, E., Joffe, A. & Sibinga, E., 2017. There is no performance, there is just this moment: the role of mindfulness instruction in promoting health and well-being among students at a highly-ranked university in the United States. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 22(4), pp. 909–918. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156587217719787 PMid:28762289; PMCid:PMC5871302
Kline, R. B., 2010. Principles and practice of structural equation modelling: methodology in the social sciences. New York, London: Guilford.
Kmetič, P., 2018. Stres in obremenjenost osebja zdravstvene nege v urgentni dejavnosti: diplomsko delo. Maribor: Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, pp. 10–11.
Labrague, L.J., Gloe, D., McEnroe, D.M., Konstantinos, K. & Colet, P., 2018. Factors influencing turnover intention among registered nurses in Samar Philippines. Applied Nursing Research, 39, pp. 200–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2017.11.027 PMid:29422159
Lee, M., Holzemer, W.L. & Faucett, J., 2007. Psychometric evaluation of the Nursing Stress Scale (NSS) among Chinese nurses in Taiwan. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 15(2), pp. 133–144. https://doi.org/10.1891/106137407782156381 PMid:18020170
Lorenci, G., 2018. Zdravstvo: Pozabite kdo je višje in kdo nižje. Večer. Available at: https://www.vecer.com/pozabite-kdo-jenizje-in-kdo-visje-6406761 [15. 3. 2019].
MacAteer, A., Manktelow, R. & Fitzsimons, L., 2016. Mental health workers' perception of role self-efficacy and the organisational climate regarding the ethos of recovery. British Journal of Social Work, 46(3), pp. 737–755. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcv054
Mandić, B., Mandić-Rajčević, S., Marković-Denić, L. & Bulat, P., 2018. Occupational exposure to blood and bodily fluids among healthcare workers in Serbian general hospitals. Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 69(1), pp. 61–68. https://doi.org/10.1159/000368234 PMid:25376432; PMCid:PMC5588185
Middleton, J., 2017. To plug this workforce gap, start paying nurses properly. Nursing Times, p. 8.
Milošević, M., 2010. Izrada mjernog instrumenta stresa na radnom mjestu bolničkih zdravstvenih djelatnika i procjena njegove uporabne vrijednosti: doktorska disertacija. Zagreb: Univerza v Zagrebu, Medicinska fakulteta, pp. 24–48.
Nemec, U. & Čuček Trifkovič, K., 2017. Stress among employees in psychiatric nursing. Obzornik zdravstvene nege, 51(1), pp. 9–23. https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2017.51.1.122
Novaković, T., Nikolić-Đorić, E. & Mutavdžić, B., 2016. Problem multikolinearnosti u višestrukoj linearnoj regresiji. Agro Ekonomika, 45(72), pp. 81–93.
Nuebling, M., Stössel, U., Hasselhorn, H.M., Michaelis, M. & Hofmann, F., 2006. Measuring psychological stress and strain at work: evaluation of the COPSOQ questionnaire in Germany. GMS Psycho-social Medicin, 3, art. ID Doc05. Available at: http://www.egms.de/en/journals/psm/2006-3/psm000025.shtml [25. 8. 2019]. PMid: 19742072; PMCid:PMC2736502
Ogata, Y., Sasaki, M., Yumoto, Y., Yonekura, Y., Nagano, M. & Kanda, K., 2018. Reliability and validity of the practice environment scale of the nursing work index for Japanese hospital nurses. Nurses Open, 5(3), pp. 362–369. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.148 PMid:30062030; PMCid:PMC6056431
Ovčar, M. 2015. Izgorevnje in stres pri medicinskih sestrah v dializnih centrih: magistrsko delo. Maribor: Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, p. 22.
Pahlavanzadeh, S., Asgari, Z. & Alimohammadi, N., 2018. Effects of stress management program on the quality of nursing care and intensive care unit nurses. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 21(3), pp. 213–218. https://doi.org/10.4103/1735-9066.180376 PMid:27186196; PMCid:PMC4857653
Sagaj, M., 2018. Oddelek za urologijo: medicinske sestre udarile po mizi. Večer, 17. 1. 2018. Available at: https://www.vecer.com/oddelek-za-urologijo-medicinske-sestre-udarile-pomizi-6385036 [5. 2. 2019].
Shohani, M., 2019. Strategies of Iranian nurses to overcome professional discrimination: an explorative qualitative study. Nursing Ethics, 26(1), pp. 233–247. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733017700233 PMid:28393605
Sserwadda, I., Lukenge, M., Mwambi, B., Mboowa, G., Walusimbi, A. & Segujja, F., 2018. Microbial contaminants isolated from items and work surfaces in the post: operative ward at Kawolo general hospital, Uganda. BMC Infectious Diseases, 18(1), p. 68. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-2980-5 PMid:29409447; PMCid:PMC5801902
Sočan, G., 2004. Postopki klasične testne teorije. Ljubljana: Univerta v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta, Oddelek za psihologijo, p. 23.
Qiao, G., Li, S. & Hu, J., 2011. Stress, coping and psychological well-being among new graduate nurses in China. Home Health Care Management and Practice, 23(6), pp. 398–403. https://doi.org/10.1177/1084822311405828
Tsuchiya, M., Takahashi, M., Miki, K., Kubo, T. & Izawa, S., 2017. Cross-sectional associations between daily rest periods during weekdays and psychological distress, non-restorative sleep, fatigue, and work performance among information technology workers. Industrial Health, 55(2), pp. 173–179. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.2016-0140 PMid:28025423; PMCid:PMC5383414
Udod, S.A., Cummings, G., Care, W.D. & Jenkins, M., 2017. Impact of role stressors on the health of nurse managers. Journal of Nursing Administration, 47(3), pp. 159–164. https://doi.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000000459 PMid:28198763
Uwimana, M.C. & Kerr, J., 2017. Exploring stressors experienced by registred nurses at a selected urban teaching hospital in Rwanda. Africa Journal of Nursing & Midwifery, 19(1), pp. 41–55. https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/353
Vršič, A., 2013. Ugotavljanje prisotnosti stresa med zaposlenimi v splošni bolnišnici v povezavi z zadovoljstvom na delovnem mestu: magistrsko delo. Maribor: Univerza v Mariboru, Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede, p. 31.
Zhang, Y., Duffy, J.F. & De Castillero, E.R., 2017. Do sleep disturbances mediate the association between work-family conflict and depressive symptoms among nurses: a crosssectional study. Journal of Psychiatric & Mental Health Nursing, 24(8), pp. 620–628. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12409 PMid:28635074; PMCid:PMC5585039
Zupančič, M., 2017. Medicinska sestra mora zdržati vse, da prehrani družino. Delo, 24. 11. 2017. Available at: https://www.delo.si/sobotna/medicinska-sestra-mora-zdrzativse-da-prehrani-druzino.html [15. 3. 2019].
Wang, X.S., Armstrong, M.E., Cairns, B.J, Key, T.J. & Travis, R.C., 2011. Shift work and chronic disease: the epidemiological evidence. Occupational Medicine, 61(2), pp. 78–89. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqr001 PMid:21355031; PMCid:PMC3045028
Wang, X., 2017. Study on standard of teachers access in standardized training of new nurses in clinical teaching base. Chinese Nursing Research, 31(35), pp. 4507–4511.
Wang, J.Y, Zhuang, H..L, Chiou, J.Y., Wang, C.W., Wang, C.Y. & Liu, L.F., 2018. Exploring factors influencing the workrelated morale for certified nursing assistants in hospice care: a structural equation modeling study. PLoS ONE, 13(10), art. ID e0206281. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206281 PMid:30365527; PMCid:PMC6203351
Yao, M., 2008. The relationships among work related stress, health status, and physical activity participation of nurses in teaching hospitals in Taipei: magistrsko delo. Taiwan: University of the Incarnate Word, p. 196.
Prenosi
Objavljeno
Kako citirati
Številka
Rubrike
Licenca
Na Obzornik zdravstvene nege, Ob železnici 30A, 1000 Ljubljana, prenašam naslednje materialne avtorske pravice: pravico reproduciranja v neomejeni količini, in sicer v vseh poznanih oblikah reproduciranja, kar obsega tudi pravico shranitve in reproduciranja v kakršnikoli elektronski obliki (23. čl. Zakona o avtorski in sorodnih pravicah – v nadaljevanju ZASP); pravico distribuiranja (24. čl. ZASP); pravico dajanja na voljo javnosti vključno z dajanjem na voljo javnosti prek svetovnega spleta oz. računalniške mreže (32.a čl. ZASP); pravico predelave, zlasti za namen prevoda (33. čl. ZASP). Prenos pravic velja za članek v celoti (vključno s slikami, razpredelnicami in morebitnimi prilogami). Prenos je izključen ter prostorsko in časovno neomejen.
