Aktivnosti za preprečevanje osamljenosti starejših odraslih v domovih za starejše
sistematični pregled literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2023.57.3.3201Ključne besede:
samota, institucionalno varstvo, starejšiPovzetek
Uvod: Osamljenost je mednarodni problem javnega zdravja. Povzroča boleč in skrb vzbujajoč občutek čustvene ali socialne izolacije in je vzrok težavam, povezanim z duševnim zdravjem. Osamljenost je pogosto prisotna pri starejših odraslih, tudi pri tistih, ki bivajo v domovih za starejše. S pregledom literature želimo predstaviti aktivnosti in njihovo učinkovitost pri zmanjševanju osamljenosti pri starejših odraslih v domovihza starejše.
Metode: Izvedli smo sistematični pregled znanstvene literature. Iskanje s ključnimi besedami v angleškem jeziku je potekalo v mednarodnih bazah podatkov: PubMed, CINAHL in SAGE. Za prikaz pregleda ter izbire vključenih člankov smo uporabili diagram poteka. Vključene članke smo kritično ocenili z orodjem Joanna Briggs Institutes in zbrane podatke analizirali po metodi tematske analize.
Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 20 člankov. Oblikovali smo dve glavni temi. Prva tema »aktivnosti za preprečevanje osamljenosti« odraža dve podtemi: gibalne in družabne aktivnosti. Druga tema »vpliv aktivnosti na preprečevanje osamljenosti« prikazuje fizične, psihološke in socialne vplive aktivnosti na preprečevanje osamljenosti.
Diskusija in zaključek: Pri zmanjševanju osamljenosti so najučinkovitejše vodene in usmerjene aktivnosti: telesne vadbe, umetniško ustvarjanje, vrtnarjenje, pogovorne skupine, pa tudi terapija smeha in obujanje spominov.
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