The use and effectiveness of music therapy in an intensive care unit
a systematic literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2020.54.4.3027Keywords:
critically ill, patients, non-pharmacological interventions, natural sounds, compositionsAbstract
Introduction: The use of music for therapeutic purposes is a non-invasive intervention that may have a beneficial effect on the patient's psychophysical condition but has not yet been established in the daily treatment of patients. Therefore, the aim of the study was to explore the use and effectiveness of music therapy on reducing the pain and stress in patients hospitalised in intensive care units.
Methods: A systematic review of scientific literature was conducted in the following international databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, using the key words "music therapy", "intensive care unit", "stress", "anxiety", "pain" and considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. The literature review process is presented by the PRISMA diagram. The quality of studies included in the final analysis was evaluated using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network tool. The results were synthesised using the content analysis method.
Results: From 749 identified records, 13 studies were included. Research results have shown the effectiveness of music therapy for pain relief, leading to deeper levels of sedation, regulating the physiological parameters, and reducing fear and anxiety in hospitalised patients in intensive care.
Discussion and conclusion: Music therapy that complements pharmacological measures is an appropriate intervention in pain and stress management. There is not enough evidence on the optimal duration of the therapy, the type of music and the method of performing music therapy for achieving the best results.
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