Opis, analiza in vrednotenje teorije medosebnih odnosov Hildegard E. Peplau v pediatrični zdravstveni negi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2020.54.1.2958Ključne besede:
Hildegard Peplau, medosebni odnosi v zdravstveni negi, pediatrična zdravstvena nega, teorija zdravstvene negePovzetek
Uvod: Temeljne značilnosti pediatrične zdravstvene nege so najboljša skrb za otroka, vzdrževanje integritete družine in otrokove rutine ter posebna znanja in spretnosti za negovanje otroka. Teorija medosebnih odnosov poudarja pomen medosebnega odnosa med medicinsko sestro in pacientom, ki se razvija skozi posamezne faze medsebojnega odnosa. Namen opisa, analize in vrednotenja teorije je ugotoviti možnost prenosa in uporabe teorije v praksi pediatrične zdravstvene nege.
Metode: Uporabljen je bil pregled znanstvene in strokovne literature v naslednjih podatkovnih bazah: Web of Science, ProQuest, Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect in CINAHL. Upoštevana so bila priporočila PRISMA. Identificirane zadetke smo uvrstili v nivo glede na hierarhijo dokazov in ocenili kakovost s pomočjo priporočil GRADE. Teorijo smo opisali, analizirali in evalvirali po modelu avtorice M. Pajnkihar.
Rezultati: Izmed 321 identificiranih zadetkov je bilo v končno analizo vključeno 21 zadetkov. S pomočjo analize identificiranih zadetkov ugotavljamo, da večina avtorjev teorijo medosebnih odnosov opredeli kot teorijo srednjega obsega. V veliki meri se strinjajo, da je teorija enostavna in kompleksna ter ima jasno opisane koncepte, propozicije in predpostavke. Fenomen medosebnih odnosov je jasen medicinskim sestram v kliničnem okolju.
Diskusija in zaključek: Teorija je uporabna za prakso zdravstvene nege, raziskovanje in izobraževanje. Pred aplikacijo teorije v prakso in izobraževanje na področju pediatrične zdravstvene nege je treba teorijo testirati. Teorija podpira razvoj medosebnih odnosov ter verbalne in neverbalne komunikacije in jo lahko uporabimo za prakso, podprto s teorijo.
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