Varnost pri aplikaciji intramuskularne injekcije
sistematični pregled literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14528/snr.2020.54.2.3017Ključne besede:
dejavniki, izidi, medicinske sestre, parenteralno dajanje zdravil, pacientiPovzetek
Uvod: Aplikacija intramuskularne injekcije je pogosta intervencija v zdravstveni negi, ki za pacienta predstavlja potencialno varnostno tveganje. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti dejavnike, povezane z aplikacijo intramuskularne injekcije v glutealno področje, ki vplivajo na pozitivne in negativne izide pri pacientu.
Metode: Izveden je bil sistematični pregled literature v podatkovnih bazah PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect in CINAHL. V pregled so bili vključeni članki glede na ustreznost vsebine, vrsto raziskav, polno dostopnost, jezik ter objavo do decembra 2018. Iskanje je potekalo s pomočjo ključnih besed: »patient«, »intramuscular dorsogluteal injection«, »intramuscular ventrogluteal injection«, »dorsogluteal site«, »ventrogluteal site«, »outcome«, »injury«, »safety«, »complications«, »pain«. Kakovost posamičnih raziskav je bila ocenjena s pomočjo orodja National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Zbrani podatki so bili sintetizirani z metodo analize vsebine.
Rezultati: Izmed 95 identificiranih zadetkov je bilo v končno analizo vključenih 25. Ugotovitve so bile združene v pet kategorij, dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na varnost pri aplikaciji intramuskularne injekcije: značilnosti področja aplikacije ter konstitucionalne značilnosti pacientov, izbor področja in vbodnega mesta aplikacije, tehnika aplikacije intramuskularne injekcije, aspiracija in dejavniki, povezani z bolečino, in tehnike zmanjševanja bolečine.
Diskusija in zaključek: Za zagotavljanje varnosti pri aplikaciji intramuskularne injekcije je potrebno poznavanje dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na izide pri pacientu. Zaradi ugotovljenih pomanjkljivosti v praksi bi bilo smiselno raziskati znanje zdravstvenih delavcev o aplikaciji intramuskularne injekcije.
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